{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:38:54Z","timestamp":1747186734386,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Small Animal Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The role of bacterial communities in the pathophysiology of canine nasal disease is still unclear. How and when to treat dogs with suspected secondary bacterial rhinitis and on which test to rely before making a decision to treat with antimicrobials has not been established. The objective is to compare the results of bacterial identification using agar\u2010plate cultures and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing in dogs with nasal discharge suspected to be of bacterial origin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010nine client\u2010owned dogs presented for investigation of nasal disease were included in the study. Paired swabs were collected from the same affected nasal cavity. One swab was streaked on 4 agar media (Columbia Blood Agar, MacConkey, Chapman and Edward's). The other swab was stored in a sterile cryotube at \u221280\u00b0. Extracted DNA underwent a polymerase chain reaction targeting the V1\u2010V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At least one of the species detected by amplicon sequencing with a relative abundance of &gt;10% was also identified by culture in 14 cases (48.3%), in association with marked predominance of one taxon (&gt;80% relative abundance) in six of 14 cases. In 12 dogs (41.4%), the cultured isolates were rare or undetected components of the corresponding sequence libraries. A negative culture in the face of bacterial predominance (&gt;50% relative abundance) of a potentially pathogenic bacteria detected by sequencing occurred in 17% (n=5) of cases; however, the use of other agar media may have decreased this percentage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Standard culture does not reliably predict the bacterial profile detected by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T04:29:42Z","timestamp":1712723382000},"page":"376-386","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of culture\u2010dependent and \u2010independent bacterial detection results on nasal swabs in dogs with nasal discharge"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8663-9275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Vangrinsven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Li\u00e8ge  Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. N.","family":"Duprez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Li\u00e8ge  Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Meex","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) University Hospital of Li\u00e8ge  Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Taminiau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Sciences \u2013 Microbiology, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Li\u00e8ge  Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Daube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Sciences \u2013 Microbiology, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Li\u00e8ge  Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Billen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Li\u00e8ge  Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Mainil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Li\u00e8ge  Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Clercx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Li\u00e8ge  Li\u00e8ge 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