{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T20:17:49Z","timestamp":1789676269696,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,6]],"date-time":"2024-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Small Animal Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the use of a three\u2010dimensional\u2010printed patient\u2010specific guide system for the treatment of distal tibial varus deformity in Dachshunds and retrospectively report the clinical and radiographic outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pes varus deformity in nine limbs of seven dachshunds was treated with corrective osteotomy using a three\u2010dimensional\u2010printed patient\u2010specific guide system. Data from computed tomography were processed to obtain virtual 3D\u2010models of the tibias, which were used for computer\u2010aided design\u2010based surgical planning, three\u2010dimensional\u2010printed patient\u2010specific guide system design and evaluation of planned versus achieved tibial correction. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by lameness score and post\u2010operative owner\u2010reported questionnaire at a minimum of 15\u2009months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The gait abnormality resolved in all limbs. The osteotomy healed uneventfully in eight tibiae. Implant failure occurred in one tibia but was successfully revised. There was good correlation between planned and achieved deformity correction, with mean translational error &lt;1\u2009mm in all planes, and mean angulation correction error &lt;2\u00b0 in all planes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 3D\u2010printed patient\u2010specific osteotomy and reduction guide system facilitates the accurate correction of tibial pes varus deformity with very good clinical outcomes. Opening osteotomy, stabilised with orthogonal locking plates and without the application of bone graft led to satisfactory bone healing in all cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,6]],"date-time":"2024-10-06T23:19:37Z","timestamp":1728256777000},"page":"894-905","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Surgical correction of pes varus deformity in dachshunds using three\u2010dimensional\u2010printed patient\u2010specific guide system: nine tibiae in seven cases (2018\u20102022)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Bright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Veterinary Specialists, Unit A2  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Schofield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CVS (UK) LTD, CVS House  Norfolk 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