{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T18:32:34Z","timestamp":1784313154440,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Small Animal Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Determine the utility of abdominal fluid bile acids concentration to diagnose biliary tract rupture and the utility of abdominal fluid\u2010to\u2010serum bilirubin ratio as diagnostic tools in dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a prospective pilot study. Canine serum and abdominal fluid samples were collected and submitted for the determination of bilirubin and bile acids concentrations between 2020 and 2022. Samples were measured at the time of admission from dogs with acute onset of clinical signs and peritoneal fluid. A Mann\u2013Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> test and ROC curves were used to compare serum and abdominal fluid bilirubin and bile acids concentration and fluid\u2010to\u2010serum bilirubin and bile acids ratio between patients with biliary tract rupture and non\u2010biliary tract rupture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety\u2010four cases were included, of which seven were diagnosed with biliary tract rupture. Median abdominal fluid bile acids concentration was significantly higher in dogs with biliary tract rupture than non\u2010biliary tract rupture (P\u2010value &lt;0.001). Abdominal fluid bile acids concentration had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 99% for the diagnosis of biliary tract rupture. Fluid\u2010to\u2010serum bilirubin ratio was also analysed and no statistically significant difference was seen between groups (P\u2010value 0.925).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although the number of dogs with biliary tract rupture in this study population was small, abdominal fluid bile acids concentration may have a better accuracy than fluid\u2010to\u2010serum bilirubin ratio for the diagnosis of biliary tract rupture. The utility of fluid\u2010to\u2010serum bilirubin ratio for the diagnosis of biliary tract rupture, appears limited. Further studies with a larger number of biliary tract rupture cases are required to support these conclusions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T08:59:02Z","timestamp":1733302742000},"page":"171-176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluation of bile acids and bilirubin in serum and abdominal fluid in dogs with abdominal effusion"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Pascual Moreno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dick White Referrals  Six Mile Bottom UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Monti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VCO Laboratory  H\u00fcnenberg Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Seth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stansted Veterinary Specialists  Stansted UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Valls Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dick White Referrals  Six Mile Bottom UK"},{"name":"FVSmedicine  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12404"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12601"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.22537"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2022.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.234.3.359"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i48.7832"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22233\/9781910443255.22"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","volume-title":"Textbook of veterinary internal medicine","author":"Ettinger S.J.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","article-title":"CT findings of gall bladder rupture in two dogs with gall bladder mucocele","volume":"5","author":"Gordon C.R.","year":"2017","journal-title":"VetRecord Case Report"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.247.12.1412"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365518809085771"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14898"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16384"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17555\/jvc.2018.02.35.1.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00203516"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1997.tb01470.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-165X.2003.tb00324.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118432"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.10071"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12937"}],"container-title":["Journal of Small Animal Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jsap.13805","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T10:22:07Z","timestamp":1742293327000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jsap.13805"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jsap.13805"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsap.13805","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4510","1748-5827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4510","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}