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This study looked to characterise the rationale for metronidazole prescription in these species.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study. Veterinarians reported clinical information for dogs and cats treated with metronidazole in the previous year, including the rationale for metronidazole selection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three hundred and thirty\u2010two cases were reported by 138 veterinarians describing metronidazole use in 47 cats and 285 dogs. Metronidazole was most commonly prescribed to treat acute diarrhoea (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009156, 47%), chronic diarrhoea (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200979, 24%) or giardiasis (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200936, 11%). Veterinarians selected metronidazole exclusively for non\u2010antimicrobial targeted therapy in 42% of cases (125\/300). Putative anti\u2010inflammatory\/immunomodulatory properties were cited in 64% of cases (213\/332). Educational resources (41\/92, 45%), team\u2010based collaboration (29\/92, 32%) and specialist consultation (10\/92, 11%) were cited as the supportive basis for these prescription choices.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Veterinarians are using metronidazole frequently for non\u2010antimicrobial properties in contradiction to antimicrobial use guidelines. Future stewardship programs should adapt guidance specifically to counter this prescribing behaviour.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:20:16Z","timestamp":1751329216000},"page":"909-917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Understanding the rationale for metronidazole use in dogs and cats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3552-5232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Davies Veterinary Specialists, part of Linnaeus Veterinary Limited  Higham Gobion UK"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Willows Veterinary Centre &amp; Referral Service  Solihull UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Steffensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Foundation  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Battersby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mars Veterinary Health  Vancouver Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1896-1937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. 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