{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:03:57Z","timestamp":1786122237791,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Small Animal Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serotonin (5\u2010hydroxytryptophan), implicated in a number of canine diseases, has a very short half\u2010life in the serum. Urine concentration of its breakdown product 5\u2010hydroxyindole acetic acid after an 8\u2009hour fast is a more reliable measure of circulating serotonin in humans. This study aimed to validate a commercially available ELISA assay to measure 5\u2010hydroxyindole acetic acid concentrations in canine urine by comparing the analytical performance with the gold standard of liquid chromatography\u2010tandem mass spectrometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Urine was collected from 26 dogs undergoing routine diagnostic investigations at one referral centre and rapidly processed and stored prior to testing for 5\u2010hydroxyindole acetic acid using the two methods. Deming regression and Bland\u2013Altman analyses were used to compare the results between the two methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ELISA demonstrated acceptable precision and repeatability (coefficient of variation &lt;20%). There was good agreement between the two methods (bias 0.92\u2009\u03bcmol\/L; 95% limits of agreement \u22126.44 to 8.29\u2009\u03bcmol\/L), although the ELISA was not tested at values close to the upper\u2010end of the claimed analytical measurement range limit. The ELISA was likely to be very reliable at low concentrations but may exceed acceptable error limits at high concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A commercially available ELISA was validated to measure urine 5\u2010hydroxyindole acetic acid. This is a less invasive method than blood sampling for serotonin and should give a more reliable indication of long\u2010term serum serotonin concentrations. More studies of normal and diseased dogs are needed to confirm these findings before applying them in a clinical setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.70123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T23:40:17Z","timestamp":1774482017000},"page":"680-685","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Validation of an ELISA assay for measurement of the metabolite of serotonin, 5\u2010hydroxyindole acetic acid (5\u2010HIAA), in canine urine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Castillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Swallow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Shore Veterinary Hospital  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7241-9412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jveb.2019.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2009.0378.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-19-0269"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2019.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.76.6.520"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2015.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2013.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1619"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00045632211038021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12444"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12137"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2014.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2010.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2008.00944.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2019.107196"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2009.0411.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(02)02043-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.disamonth.2021.101304"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.695492"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e318271c0d5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","unstructured":"The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Programs. 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