{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:56:26Z","timestamp":1790823386932,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008459","name":"University of Calgary","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008459","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Small Animal Practice"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate whether point\u2010of\u2010care ultrasound probe location (at or below the costochondral junction) and probe orientation (perpendicular or parallel to the ribs) affect operator ability to detect pleural effusion in a canine cadaver model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve intubated canine cadavers with scant to large volume pleural effusion were scanned in sternal recumbency while receiving positive pressure ventilation. Twelve operators (2 emergency and critical care specialists, 2 veterinary students and 8 interns) performed blinded bilateral thoracic point\u2010of\u2010care ultrasound using two randomised scanning protocols: a modified TFAST for pleural fluid technique and a modified Calgary PLUS for pleural fluid technique. Hemithoraces were categorised as scant\u2010to\u2010mild or moderate\u2010to\u2010large effusion for statistical analysis. Paired detection rates were compared using McNemar's test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall detection of pleural effusion was significantly higher using the modified Calgary PLUS for pleural fluid technique compared with the modified TFAST for pleural fluid technique (89.1%\n                      <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic>\n                      60.9%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). There was a statistically significant increase in the detection of scant\u2010to\u2010mild effusion with the modified Calgary PLUS for pleural fluid technique (84.4%\n                      <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic>\n                      37.5%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). No significant difference was observed for moderate\u2010to\u2010large effusions (93.8%\n                      <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic>\n                      84.4%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.25).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The site assessed and probe orientation used with different thoracic point\u2010of\u2010care ultrasound protocols can influence the operator's ability to detect pleural effusion in positive pressure ventilation canine cadavers placed in sternal recumbency. Incorporating a probe orientation that is parallel to the ribs in the more ventral regions of the thorax during point\u2010of\u2010care ultrasound may improve the operator's detection of pleural effusions, particularly when smaller volumes of pleural fluid are present.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.70196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T11:26:42Z","timestamp":1790767602000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Veterinary point\u2010of\u2010care ultrasound probe orientation and location for detection of pleural effusion in canine cadavers: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7260-3022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Di Franco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences Veterinary Teaching Hospital \u201cMario Modenato\u201d  Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2700-2466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Menard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary Faculty of Veterinary Medicine  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary Faculty of Veterinary Medicine  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0084-1446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Chalhoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary Faculty of Veterinary Medicine  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Madden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paramount 24 Hour Animal Hospital  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0936-4834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. 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