{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T12:02:52Z","timestamp":1789646572202,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Small Animal Practice"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In decentralised breeding programmes, consistent health monitoring can be challenging, yet accurate phenotyping is essential for informed selection. This study evaluated whether a concise owner\u2010based online survey could capture clinically relevant dermatologic signs in a Belgian assistance\u2010dog breeding population, and whether the resulting phenotypes could support breeding decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Survey data were collected between June 2024 and October 2025 from 223 Labrador retrievers (median age 2.1\u2009years, range 11\u2009months to 8\u2009years). Owners reported the frequency of otitis externa, general itch, paw biting, skin redness and bald spots, recoded into ordinal symptom scores and summed into a total symptom score. Analyses were performed for the full population and by age group (younger\n                      <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic>\n                      older than 3\u2009years).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 38% of dogs had a non\u2010zero total symptom score. Confirmed canine atopic dermatitis was associated with markedly higher scores (rate ratio\u2009=\u20099.3, 95% CI\u2009=\u20097.2 to 11.9). Each one\u2010point increase in combined parental score corresponded to approximately 9% higher expected offspring score (rate ratio\u2009=\u20091.09, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.06 to 1.12). Overall heritability was 0.52 (95% highest posterior density 0.24 to 0.75), with substantial age\u2010related variation:\n                      <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.05 in dogs under 3\u2009years and\n                      <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.81 in dogs aged 3\u2009years or older.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A brief owner\u2010based survey can generate semi\u2010quantitative dermatological phenotypes associated with confirmed disease and familial risk. Symptom expression in younger dogs showed low heritability, which may reflect incomplete phenotype expression at this age but could also result from environmental influences, whereas phenotypes in older dogs seem to more strongly reflect genetic predisposition, suggesting later\u2010life records may better support selection decisions in decentralised breeding programmes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.70198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T11:21:21Z","timestamp":1789644081000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Age\u2010dependent expression and heritability of owner\u2010reported dermatological symptoms in Labrador retrievers: Implications for breeding strategies"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1300-409X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Deboutte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke\u2010Melle Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4981-9860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Lambrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DAC De Merode  Berchem Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6742-3911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B. J. G.","family":"Broeckx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke\u2010Melle Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178771"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12198"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","volume-title":"GL1: worm control in dogs and cats","author":"ESCCAP","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","volume-title":"Introduction to quantitative genetics","author":"Falconer D.S.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20103164.2009.00758.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748\u20105827.2007.00439.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v033.i02","article-title":"MCMC methods for multi\u2010response generalized linear mixed models: the MCMCglmm R package","volume":"33","author":"Hadfield J.D.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Statistical Software"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010019\u201039630\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0225675"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917\u2010015\u20100515\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.13210"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(01)00296-3","article-title":"The ACVD task force on canine atopic dermatitis (I): incidence and prevalence","volume":"81","author":"Hillier A.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","volume-title":"Muller & Kirk's small animal dermatology","author":"Miller W.H.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3164.2002.00298_31.x","article-title":"Importance of psychogenic dermatoses in dogs with pruritic behavior","volume":"13","author":"Nagata M.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Veterinary Dermatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751\u20100147\u201048\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.254.11.1291","article-title":"Update on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of atopic dermatitis in dogs","volume":"254","author":"Nuttall T.J.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yasa.2021.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"686","article-title":"Itch in dogs and cats","volume":"64","author":"Sauv\u00e9 F.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Canadian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2004.65.1014","article-title":"Estimation of heritability of atopic dermatitis in Labrador and Golden retrievers","volume":"65","author":"Shaw S.C.","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/b98952","volume-title":"Likelihood, Bayesian, and MCMC methods in quantitative genetics","author":"Sorensen D.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195\u20105616(02)00102\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40575\u2010017\u20100047\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20103164.2010.00925.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1986.tb02119.x","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis: a review and reconsideration of diagnostic criteria","volume":"27","author":"Willemse T.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Small Animal Practice"}],"container-title":["Journal of Small Animal Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jsap.70198","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jsap.70198","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jsap.70198","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T11:21:24Z","timestamp":1789644084000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jsap.70198"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jsap.70198"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsap.70198","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4510","1748-5827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4510","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"jsap.70198"}}