{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T04:17:36Z","timestamp":1789359456340,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]],"date-time":"2013-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Recent years have seen continuous reports about the successful reconstruction of numerous organs with the application of tissue-engineering techniques. Thus, we assess the outcomes for vagina reconstruction using tissue-engineered biological material, which we suggested previously as an ideal graft for vaginoplasty.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To evaluate the anatomic and sexual outcomes in patients undergoing vaginoplasty using tissue-engineered biomaterial mesh.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This prospective study included 53 patients with Mayer-Rokitansky-K\u00fcster-Hauser syndrome admitted to our hospital. Patients underwent vaginoplasty with tissue-engineered biological material (acellular dermal matrix). Postoperatively, a silicone vaginal dilator (length: 10\u2009cm, diameter: 3.5\u2009cm) was advised to be used for the first 3\u20136 months to prevent contraction of the neovagina. Follow-up was performed at 4 weeks, 12 weeks, 12 months, and then annually. Twenty-four age-matched women who underwent health examinations during the same time period were selected as a health control group and answered Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaires for the purpose of comparing sexuality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Anatomic success was defined by a vaginal length \u22658\u2009cm and a width allowing the easy introduction of two fingers. Sexual outcomes were assessed at the 12-month follow-up according to body image perception and FSFI questionnaires validated for the Chinese-speaking population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>No severe intra-operative complications occurred. No graft-related infection, rejection, or detachment was recorded. The cost for tissue-engineered biomaterial graft was $1,900 (\u00a512,000) per person. Postoperatively, granulomatous polyps occurred in 6\/53 patients (11.3%) at the vaginal vault and were removed in an outpatient clinic. During a mean follow-up of 21.1 months, the anatomic success rate was 100%, and all of the patients were satisfied with their body image. Postoperatively, 42 patients were followed up for more than 1 year, and 32 of them were sexually active. Among the 24\/32 patients (75%) who answered the FSFI questionnaire, the mean total FSFI score was 26.7\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5, which was similar to that of the control group (25.6\u2009\u00b1\u20097.4, P\u2009=\u20090.46). The similarity was also observed in six separate domains of the functional aspect of female sexuality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Vaginoplasty with tissue-engineered biomaterial graft is a safe, effective, minimally invasive cosmetic procedure that provides near normal sexual function for patients with vaginal aplasia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,19]],"date-time":"2013-03-19T18:41:34Z","timestamp":1363718494000},"page":"1652-1658","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Anatomic and Sexual Outcomes After Vaginoplasty Using Tissue-Engineered Biomaterial Graft in Patients with Mayer-Rokitansky-K\u00fcster-Hauser Syndrome: A New Minimally Invasive and Effective Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Lan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huimei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhixing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjia","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinghe","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024032600572592100_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197703000-00002","article-title":"History of attempts to form a 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