{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T00:56:45Z","timestamp":1781139405928,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]],"date-time":"2013-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Uncomplicated recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) associated with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are common among healthy, reproductive-aged women. Provoked vestibulodynia (PVD) is a major reason of sexual pain in premenopausal women.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this paper is to assess prevalence and predictors of secondary PVD in a cohort of Caucasian\u2013European, heterosexual, sexually active, reproductive-aged women seeking medical help for rUTIs as their primary complaint.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Clinical and psychometric variables for 60 consecutive patients with rUTIs were considered. Patients were assessed with a thorough medical and sexual history, a number of psychometric instruments, and a specific physical examination. Urinalysis and self-collected urine cultures from the previous 12 months were also examined.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to test the associations between secondary PVD and sociodemographic and clinical variables.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mean age was 34.2 years (median 33 years; range 21\u201342). Secondary PVD was found in 36 of 60 patients (60%). Women with PVD had a higher prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) over the previous 12 months (\u03c72: 4.54; P =0.03) and suffered more frequently from UPEC-related rUTIs (\u03c72: 5.92; P =0.01) than those without PVD. Moreover, women with PVD showed significantly lower scores on Female Sexual Function Index domains (all P \u22640.01), as compared with PVD-negative women. UPEC-related rUTIs (odds ratio [OR]: 3.1; P =0.01), six or more UTIs over the previous 12 months (OR: 2.8; P =0.01), and treatment with three or more antibiotics throughout the same period (OR: 2.1; P =0.04) emerged as independent predictors of PVD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Three of five Caucasian\u2013European, heterosexual, sexually active women of reproductive age complaining of rUTIs as their primary disorder also suffer from secondary PVD. Uncomplicated UPEC-related rUTIs are more frequently associated with secondary PVD than are UTIs caused by different uropathogens.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,22]],"date-time":"2013-07-22T21:10:42Z","timestamp":1374527442000},"page":"2265-2273","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Secondary Provoked Vestibulodynia in Sexually Active Women with Uncomplicated Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Salonia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology \u00a0 , Milan , Italy"},{"name":"University Vita\u2013Salute San Raffaele \u00a0 , Milan , Italy"},{"name":"ResearchDoctorate Program in Urology \u00a0 , Catanzaro , Italy"},{"name":"Magna GraeciaUniversity \u00a0 , Catanzaro , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria 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