{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T08:26:29Z","timestamp":1785831989851,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]],"date-time":"2013-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is a commonly held belief that combined oral contraceptive (COC) pills containing an androgenic progestin may be less likely to impair sexual function than COCs containing an anti-androgenic progestin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study aims to compare the effects of a COC containing a progestin with an anti-androgenic profile (estradiol valerate [E2V]\/dienogest [DNG]) to that of one with an androgenic progestin (ethinyl estradiol [EE]\/levonorgestrel [LNG]) on sexual function in women with COC-associated sexual dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, noninferiority study, women with COC-associated female sexual dysfunction (FSD) were randomized to E2V\/DNG or EE\/LNG for six cycles. The primary outcome was the change in the sum of Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) desire and arousal component scores between baseline and cycle 6. Secondary outcome measures included changes to the FSFI domains, the Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS-R), Vaginal Health Assessment, the Atrophy Symptom Questionnaire, and the Psychological General Well Being Index over six treatment cycles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main outcome is the change in the sum of FSFI desire and arousal component scores between baseline and cycle 6.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 276 women screened, 213 received treatment and 191 completed the study. The mean increase in the sum of FSFI desire and arousal component scores was 5.90 (standard deviation [SD] 5.45) for E2V\/DNG and 5.79 (SD 6.17) for EE\/LNG (change from baseline P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001, both groups). Both treatments showed equal efficacy and were associated with improvements in all domains of the FSFI, with no between-group differences. Both COCs reduced the distress associated with FSD, as indicated by reduced FSDS-R scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In women with COC-associated FSD, switching to either E2V\/DNG or EE\/LNG was associated with equivalent improvements in symptoms, challenging the perception that COCs containing anti-androgenic progestins have a detrimental effect on sexual function relative to those containing androgenic progestins.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,12]],"date-time":"2013-09-12T07:32:10Z","timestamp":1378971130000},"page":"3069-3079","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Change to Either a Nonandrogenic or Androgenic Progestin-Containing Oral Contraceptive Preparation is Associated with Improved Sexual Function in Women with Oral Contraceptive-Associated Sexual Dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Susan R.","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Health Research Program \u00a0 \u00a0 , Melbourne, Vic. , Australia"},{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine \u00a0 \u00a0 , Melbourne, Vic. , Australia"},{"name":"Monash University \u00a0 \u00a0 , Melbourne, Vic. , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Bitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsspital Basel \u00a0 , Basel , Switzerland"},{"name":"Frauenklinik \u00a0 , Basel , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Giraldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet University Hospital \u00a0 \u00a0 , Copenhagen , Denmark"},{"name":"Sexological Clinic \u00a0 \u00a0 , Copenhagen , Denmark"},{"name":"Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen \u00a0 \u00a0 , Copenhagen , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Palacios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Palacios Institute of Women's Health , Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Parke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer HealthCare , Berlin , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Serrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer HealthCare , Berlin , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Mellinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer HealthCare , Berlin , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossella E.","family":"Nappi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Reproductive Medicine \u00a0 \u00a0 , Pavia , Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS S. Matteo Foundation \u00a0 \u00a0 , Pavia , Italy"},{"name":"University of Pavia \u00a0 \u00a0 , Pavia , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2010.01742.x","article-title":"Prevalence of sexual dysfunction and impact of contraception in female German medical students","volume":"7","author":"Wallwiener","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1024\/0369-8394.92.25.1177","article-title":"Effects on the quality of life of a new oral contraceptive containing 30\u2009mcg EE and 3\u2009mg drospirenone (Yasmin)","volume":"92","author":"Bitzer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Praxis"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1071\/SH08021","article-title":"Relationships between condoms, hormonal methods, and sexual pleasure and satisfaction: An exploratory analysis from the Women's Well-Being and Sexuality Study","volume":"5","author":"Higgins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(01)00218-9","article-title":"A prospective study of the effects of oral contraceptives on sexuality and well-being and their relationship to discontinuation","volume":"64","author":"Sanders","year":"2001","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1097\/01.GME.0000060256.03945.20","article-title":"Transdermal testosterone therapy improves well-being, mood, and sexual function in premenopausal women","volume":"10","author":"Goldstat","year":"2003","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2005.00198.x","article-title":"Impact of oral contraceptives on sex hormone-binding globulin and androgen levels: A retrospective study in women with sexual dysfunction","volume":"3","author":"Panzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2006.00253.x","article-title":"Do oral contraceptives produce irreversible effects on women's sexuality?","volume":"3","author":"Bancroft","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2006.00294.x","article-title":"Comparison of androgens in women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder: Those on combined oral contraceptives (COCs) vs. those not on COCs","volume":"3","author":"Warnock","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2006.12.011","article-title":"Does oral contraceptive-induced reduction in free testosterone adversely affect the sexuality or mood of women?","volume":"32","author":"Graham","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.1.91","article-title":"Circulating androgen levels and self-reported sexual function in women","volume":"294","author":"Davis","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2010.02.016","article-title":"Effects of two combined hormonal contraceptives with the same composition and different doses on female sexual function and plasma androgen levels","volume":"82","author":"Strufaldi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2007.04.002","article-title":"The effects of oral contraceptives on androgen levels and their relevance to premenstrual mood and sexual interest: A comparison of two triphasic formulations containing norgestimate and either 35 or 25 microg of ethinyl estradiol","volume":"76","author":"Greco","year":"2007","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"issue":"1 suppl","key":"2024032602344927400_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2003.09.014","article-title":"Classification and pharmacology of progestins","volume":"46","author":"Schindler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1331\/108658002763316914","article-title":"Therapeutic options in female sexual dysfunction","volume":"42","author":"Shepherd","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Pharm Assoc (Wash)"},{"issue":"1 suppl","key":"2024032602344927400_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S44","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijir.3901428","article-title":"Physiology of female sexual function and dysfunction","volume":"17","author":"Berman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Impot Res"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-002-0267-2","article-title":"Testosterone insufficiency in women: Fact or fiction?","volume":"20","author":"Guay","year":"2002","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2003.11.001","article-title":"Sexual behavior of women taking low-dose oral contraceptive containing 15 microg ethinylestradiol\/60 microg gestodene","volume":"69","author":"Caruso","year":"2004","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0095","first-page":"15","article-title":"Medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests for the evaluation of dyspareunia","author":"Goldstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Female sexual pain disorders: Evaluation and management"},{"issue":"2 suppl","key":"2024032602344927400_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.07.200","article-title":"Pilot study assessing the impact of hormonal contraceptives on serum testosterone levels and sexual function in pre-menopausal women","volume":"82","author":"Sarajari","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200363050-00003","article-title":"Progestogens with antiandrogenic properties","volume":"63","author":"Raudrant","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1080\/009262300278597","article-title":"The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI): A multidimensional self-report instrument for the assessment of female sexual function","volume":"26","author":"Rosen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Sex Marital Ther"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-815815","article-title":"\u00dcberpr\u00fcfung der G\u00fcltigkeit und Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeit des deutschen Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-d)","volume":"64","author":"Berner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-75262004000200006","article-title":"Indice de funcion sexual femenina: Un test para evaluar la sexualidad de la mujer","volume":"69","author":"Blumel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Chil Obstet Ginecol"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590801925596","article-title":"Use of the Italian translation of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) in routine gynecological practice","volume":"24","author":"Nappi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0130","first-page":"625","article-title":"Sexual functioning in postmenopausal women not taking hormone therapy in the Gynecological and Menopause Clinic, Songklanagarind Hospital measured by Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire","volume":"91","author":"Peeyananjarassri","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0135","first-page":"265","article-title":"Attitudes and sexual function in Thai pregnant women","volume":"93","author":"Kerdarunsuksri","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.12.015","article-title":"Sexuality after sigmoid vaginoplasty in patients with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome","volume":"97","author":"Carrard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2012.08.008","article-title":"Evaluation of sexuality, health-related quality-of-life and depression in advanced cancer patients: A prospective study in a Phase I clinical trial unit of predominantly targeted anticancer drugs","volume":"49","author":"Rouanne","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2007.00672.x","article-title":"Validation of the female sexual distress scale-revised for assessing distress in women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder","volume":"5","author":"Derogatis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.23","article-title":"Are women with urogenital atrophy symptomatic?","volume":"188","author":"Davila","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0160","first-page":"170","article-title":"The Psychological General Well-Being (PGWB) Index","author":"Dupuy","year":"1984","journal-title":"Assessment of quality of life in clinical trials of cardiovascular therapies"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0165","volume-title":"The Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI) User Manual","year":"2004"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/00926230590475206","article-title":"The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI): Cross-validation and development of clinical cutoff scores","volume":"31","author":"Wiegel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Sex Marital Ther"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2004.02.003","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of androgen and progesterone receptor transcription selectivity indices of 19-nortestosterone-derived progestins","volume":"91","author":"Garcia-Becerra","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1290.033","article-title":"Androgens and antiandrogens","volume":"997","author":"Schneider","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0185","first-page":"45","article-title":"Animal studies on the endocrinological profile of dienogest, a novel synthetic steroid","volume":"23","author":"Katsuki","year":"1997","journal-title":"Drugs Exp Clin Res"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(02)00436-5","article-title":"Effect of four different oral contraceptives on various sex hormones and serum-binding globulins","volume":"67","author":"Wiegratz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2165\/11591200-000000000-00000","article-title":"Hemostatic effects of a novel estradiol-based oral contraceptive: An open-label, randomized, crossover study of estradiol valerate\/dienogest versus ethinylestradiol\/levonorgestrel","volume":"11","author":"Klipping","year":"2011","journal-title":"Drugs R D"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.2165\/11590220-000000000-00000","article-title":"Metabolic and haemostatic effects of estradiol valerate\/dienogest, a novel oral contraceptive: A randomized, open-label, single-centre study","volume":"31","author":"Junge","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Drug Investig"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2690","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2009.01406.x","article-title":"The relationship between self-reported sexual satisfaction and general well-being in women","volume":"6","author":"Davison","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31824c4c89","article-title":"Depression in premenopausal women with HSDD: Baseline findings from the HSDD Registry for Women","volume":"74","author":"Clayton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"2024032602344927400_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2008.00483.x","article-title":"Hypoactive sexual desire disorder in postmenopausal women: Quality of life and health burden","volume":"12","author":"Biddle","year":"2009","journal-title":"Value Health"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Sexual Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1743609515302319?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1743609515302319?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article-pdf\/10\/12\/3069\/48194053\/jsm_10_12_3069.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article-pdf\/10\/12\/3069\/48194053\/jsm_10_12_3069.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T22:49:29Z","timestamp":1711406969000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article\/10\/12\/3069\/6940366"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsm.12310","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.718110105.793485935","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1743-6109","1743-6095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-6109","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1743-6095","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]}}}