{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:14:49Z","timestamp":1787015689472,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]],"date-time":"2013-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peyronie's disease (PD) is a connective tissue disorder of the penis in which a fibrous scar in the tunica albuginea can result in multiple penile deformities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study aims to investigate the prevalence and time to identification of plaque calcification (PC) in our PD patient population and whether stratification of calcification based on severity seen on ultrasound would serve as a predictor of treatment progression to surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective review of 1,041 men presenting with PD from 1993 to 2009 was performed. Eight hundred thirty-four underwent penile duplex ultrasound.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PC was graded as: grade 1 (&amp;lt;0.3\u2009cm), grade 2 (&amp;gt;0.3\u2009cm, &amp;lt;1.5\u2009cm), grade 3 (&amp;gt;1.5\u2009cm; or \u22652 plaques &amp;gt;1.0\u2009cm). A matched control group with noncalcified plaques (n\u2009=\u2009236) was selected for comparison.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two hundred eighty-four men (34%) were found to have PC noted on ultrasound, and 98 had fully documented dimensions of the PC. Forty-one percent were found to have grade 1, 28% grade 2, and 32% grade 3. When analyzed by grade and progression to surgery, 23% of grade 1, 32% of grade 2, and 55% of grade 3 patients had surgery. Those with grade 3 PC were more likely to undergo surgical intervention for PD (OR 2.28 95% CI 1.07\u20134.86) and more likely to undergo a grafting procedure than control patients (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Men with PC are not more likely to undergo surgery than those without PC (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.58\u20131.57). PC is not uncommon, as it was found in 34% of our cohort. PC does not appear to be an indication of mature or stable disease, as it was identified by ultrasound in 37% of patients less than 12 months after onset of symptoms. Men with grade 3 PC have an increased likelihood of progression to surgical intervention and a higher likelihood of undergoing a grafting procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,11]],"date-time":"2013-10-11T22:33:14Z","timestamp":1381530794000},"page":"3121-3128","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Peyronie's Disease Plaque Calcification\u2014Prevalence, Time to Identification, and Development of a New Grading Classification"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Laurence","family":"Levine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology \u00a0 , Chicago, IL , USA"},{"name":"Rush University Medical Center \u00a0 , Chicago, IL , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Rybak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology \u00a0 , Chicago, IL , USA"},{"name":"Rush 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