{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:15:49Z","timestamp":1787015749546,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]],"date-time":"2014-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ospemifene, a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator, has been developed for the treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy and dyspareunia in postmenopausal women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of the drug for treating dyspareunia associated with postmenopausal vulvar and vaginal atrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A literature review was performed to identify all published randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of ospemifene for the treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy and dyspareunia. The search included the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. The reference lists of the retrieved studies were also investigated. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six publications involving a total of 1,772 patients were used in the analysis, including three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that were short-term (12 weeks) comparisons of ospemifene with placebo and three RCTs that were long-term (1 year) comparisons of ospemifene with placebo.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For the comparison of short-term ospemifene with placebo, parabasal cells (the standardized mean difference [SMD] = \u221237.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = \u221241.83 to \u221233.17, P &amp;lt; 0.00001), superficial cells (SMD = 9.24, 95% CI = 7.70 to 10.79, P &amp;lt; 0.00001), vaginal PH (SMD = \u22120.89, 95% CI = \u22120.98 to \u22120.80, P = 0.00001), and dyspareunia (SMD = \u22120.37, 95% CI = \u22120.43 to \u22120.30, P = 0.00001) indicated that ospemifene was more effective than the placebo. For the comparison of long-term ospemifene with placebo, endometrial thickness (SMD = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.58 to 1.23, P = 0.00001), treatment emergent adverse event, discontinuations due to adverse event, and serious adverse event indicated that ospemifene was generally safe.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This meta-analysis indicates that ospemifene to be an effective and safe treatment for dyspareunia associated with postmenopausal vulvar and vaginal atrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,20]],"date-time":"2013-11-20T06:54:25Z","timestamp":1384930465000},"page":"487-497","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["The Efficacy and Safety of Ospemifene in Treating Dyspareunia Associated with Postmenopausal Vulvar and Vaginal Atrophy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yuanshan","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Beijing Tian-Tan Hospital \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Capital Medical University \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huantao","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Beijing Tian-Tan Hospital \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Capital Medical University \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huilei","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Beijing Tian-Tan Hospital \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Capital Medical University \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Beijing Tian-Tan Hospital \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Capital Medical University \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Beijing Tian-Tan Hospital \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"},{"name":"Capital Medical University \u00a0 \u00a0 , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024032602353990600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413","article-title":"Vulvovaginal atrophy","volume":"85","author":"Mac 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