{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T01:57:07Z","timestamp":1782957427006,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]],"date-time":"2015-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pubic hair grooming is a common practice in the United States and coincides with prevalence of grooming-related injuries. Men who have sex with men (MSM) groom more frequently than men who have sex with women (MSW). We aim to characterize the influence of sexual orientation and sexual role on grooming behavior, injuries, and infections in men in the United States.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a nationally representative survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged 18\u201365 residing in the United States. We examined the prevalence and risk factors of injuries and infections that occur as a result of personal grooming.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of the 4,062 men who completed the survey, 3,176 (78.2%) report having sex with only women (MSW), 198 (4.9%) report sex with men (MSM), and 688 (16.9%) report not being sexually active. MSM are more likely to groom (42.5% vs. 29.0%, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) and groom more around the anus, scrotum, and penile shaft compared with MSW. MSM receptive partners groom more often (50.9% vs. 26.9%, P\u2009=\u20090.005) and groom more for sex (85.3% vs. 51.9%, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) compared with MSM insertive partners. MSM report more injuries to the anus (7.0% vs. 1.0%, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), more grooming-related infections (7.0% vs. 1.0%, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) and abscesses (8.8% vs. 2.5%, P\u2009=\u20090.010), as well as lifetime sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (1.65 vs. 1.45, P\u2009=\u20090.038) compared with MSW. More receptive partners report grooming at the time of their STI infection (52.2% vs. 14.3%, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) compared with insertive partners.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sexual orientation, and in particular sexual role, may influence male grooming behavior and impact grooming-related injuries and infections. Anogenital grooming may put one at risk for an STI. Healthcare providers should be aware of different grooming practices in order to better educate safe depilatory practices (i.e., the use of electric razors for anogenital grooming) in patients of all sexual orientations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T08:51:52Z","timestamp":1417423912000},"page":"631-640","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Influence of Sexual Orientation and Sexual Role on Male Grooming-Related Injuries and Infections"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Thomas W.","family":"Gaither","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology , San Francisco, CA , USA"},{"name":"University of California , San Francisco, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Truesdale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology , San Francisco, CA , USA"},{"name":"University of California , San Francisco, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine R.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology , San Francisco, CA , USA"},{"name":"University of California , San Francisco, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amjad","family":"Alwaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology , San Francisco, CA , USA"},{"name":"University of California , San Francisco, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan W.","family":"Shindel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology , Davis, CA , USA"},{"name":"University of California , Davis, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel E.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , San Francisco, CA , USA"},{"name":"University of California , San Francisco, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin N.","family":"Breyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology , San Francisco, CA , USA"},{"name":"University of California , San Francisco, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023010704101813500_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3322","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2010.01935.x","article-title":"Pubic hair removal among women in the United States: Prevalence, methods, and characteristics","volume":"7","author":"Herbenick","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2023010704101813500_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2012.08.025","article-title":"Pubic hair grooming injuries presenting to U.S. 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