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Rats were randomized into two groups. One group was intravenously preloaded with MSCs (1.0\u2009\u00d7\u2009106 cells in 1\u2009mL total fluid volume) and the other was infused with medium alone (1\u2009mL Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium [DMEM]) for sham control, respectively. Crushed CN injury was induced immediately after infusion. The surgeon was blind to the experimental conditions (MSC or medium).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess erectile function, we measured the intracavernous pressure (ICP) and arterial pressure (AP) at 1 hour and 2 weeks after CN injury. After measuring the initial ICP\/AP of pre-injury (normal) male SD rats, they were randomized into the two groups and infused with MSCs or medium. PKH26-labelled MSCs were used for tracking. To investigate the mRNA expression levels of neurotrophins in the major pelvic ganglia (MPG), we performed real-time quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The reduction of ICP\/AP and area under the curve of ICP (ICP-AUC) in the MSC group was significantly lower than in the DMEM group (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) at 1 hour. The ICP\/AP and ICP-AUC at 2 weeks post-injury in the MSC group was significantly higher than in the DMEM group (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). The preloaded PKH26-labelled MSCs were detected in the MPG and CN using confocal microscopy indicating homing of the cells to the injured nerve and ganglia. Glia cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurturin, which are important neurotrophic factors for erection, had expression levels in MPG significantly higher in the MSC group than in the DMEM group (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01, 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Intravenous preload of MSCs before a CN injury may prevent or reduce experimental ED.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,24]],"date-time":"2015-07-24T10:53:14Z","timestamp":1437735194000},"page":"1713-1721","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Intravenous Preload of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescues Erectile Function in a Rat Model of Cavernous Nerve Injury"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Akio","family":"Takayanagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"},{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"},{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology , New Haven, CT , USA"},{"name":"Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT , USA"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research , West Haven, CT , USA"},{"name":"VA Connecticut Healthcare System , West Haven, CT , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Kataoka-Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"},{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ko","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"},{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yohei","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"},{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Oka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"},{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoya","family":"Masumori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"},{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffery D.","family":"Kocsis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology , New Haven, CT , USA"},{"name":"Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT , USA"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research , West Haven, CT , USA"},{"name":"VA Connecticut Healthcare System , West Haven, CT , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Honmou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"},{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, \u00a0 Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology , New Haven, CT , USA"},{"name":"Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT , USA"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research , West Haven, CT , USA"},{"name":"VA Connecticut Healthcare System , West Haven, CT , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023010713355466100_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.09.046","article-title":"EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. 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