{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:32:06Z","timestamp":1790638326342,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,18]],"date-time":"2014-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1418860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Center for Research Resources to the Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Centre","award":["RR025758"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RR025758"]}]},{"name":"National Center for Research Resources to the Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Centre","award":["M01-RR-01032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M01-RR-01032"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014900","name":"Sleep Research Foundation Society","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014900","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Sepracor Inc."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study investigates the extent to which sleep characteristics serve as predictor variables for inflammatory, hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal and autonomic systems markers. Twenty\u2010nine participants with a diagnosis of insomnia disorder based on the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (age 25.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.6\u00a0years, insomnia duration 6.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.8\u00a0years) and 19 healthy control sleepers (age 25.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.4\u00a0years) underwent a 2\u2010week at\u2010home evaluation keeping a sleep diary and wearing an actigraph, followed by a visit to the Research Center to measure blood pressure, and collect blood and urine samples. The actigraphy\u2010 and diary\u2010based variables of sleep duration, sleep\u2010onset latency, wake after sleep onset and sleep fragmentation\/number of night\u2010time awakenings were averaged and entered as dependent variables in regression analyses. Composite scores were calculated for the autonomic (blood pressure, norepinephrine), inflammatory (monocyte counts, interleukin\u20106, C\u2010reactive protein) and hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal systems (cortisol), and used as predictor variables in regression models.\u00a0Compared with controls, individuals with insomnia had a shorter sleep duration (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05), and a higher hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal and inflammatory composite score (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). The higher inflammatory score was mainly due to higher circulating monocytes (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05), rather than differences in interleukin\u20106 or C\u2010reactive protein. In persistent insomnia disorder, cortisol is upregulated and associated with actigraphy\u2010 and diary\u2010based wake after sleep onset, suggesting that wake after sleep onset may serve as a marker to identify individuals at increased risks for disorders associated with a hyperactive hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal system. The absence of autonomic and pro\u2010inflammatory changes (interleukin\u20106, C\u2010reactive protein), despite a substantial decrease in actigraphic sleep duration, may relate to a higher resilience to the adverse biological consequences of insomnia in this young age group.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,19]],"date-time":"2014-12-19T04:12:21Z","timestamp":1418962341000},"page":"296-304","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Sleep characteristics as predictor variables of stress systems markers in insomnia disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Samantha","family":"Floam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard School of Dental Medicine Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norah","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emese","family":"Nemeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Scott\u2010Sutherland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiva","family":"Gautam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Haack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2009.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2005.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e31824e6913"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/29.9.1155"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/31.4.473"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0023871"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-013-0418-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.193268"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","volume-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u2010IV Axis I Disorders (SCID\u2010I)","author":"First M. 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