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This study investigated how nightmares, symptoms of insomnia, chronotype and sleep duration associate with seasonal affective disorder, a special form of depression. Additionally, it was noted how latitude, a proxy for photoperiod, and characteristics of the place of residence affect the prevalence of seasonal affective disorder and sleep problems. To study these questions, data from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FINRISK<\/jats:styled-content> 2012 study were used. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FINRISK<\/jats:styled-content> 2012 consists of a random population sample of Finnish adults aged 25\u201374\u00a0years (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a04905) collected during winter from Finnish urban and rural areas spanning the latitudes of 60\u00b0N to 66\u00b0N. The Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire was used to assess symptoms of seasonal affective disorder. Participants with symptoms of seasonal affective disorder had significantly increased odds of experiencing frequent nightmares and symptoms of insomnia, and they were more often evening chronotypes. Associations between latitude, population size and urbanicity with seasonal affective disorder symptoms and sleep disturbances were generally not significant, although participants living in areas bordering urban centres had less sleep problems than participants from other regions. These data show that the prevalence of seasonal affective disorder was not affected by latitude.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,13]],"date-time":"2016-05-13T11:47:35Z","timestamp":1463140055000},"page":"612-619","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Winter is coming: nightmares and sleep problems during seasonal affective disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Nils","family":"Sandman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics and Biomarkers Unit National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Psychology and Speech Language Pathology Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Turku Brain and Mind Centre University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilona","family":"Merikanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"M\u00e4\u00e4tt\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Speech Language Pathology Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Turku Brain and Mind Centre University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Valli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Speech Language Pathology Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Turku Brain and Mind Centre University of Turku Turku Finland"},{"name":"Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Philosophy School of Bioscience University of Sk\u00f6vde Sk\u00f6vde Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erkki","family":"Kronholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health National Institute for Health and Welfare Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiina","family":"Laatikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Hospital District of North Karelia Joensuu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timo","family":"Partonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiina","family":"Paunio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics and Biomarkers Unit National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07420521003663801"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cku174"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2013.846350"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08039480902878729"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agn057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","article-title":"Kaupunki\u2010maaseutu\u2010alueluokitus","volume":"25","author":"Helminen V.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Suomen ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6keskuksen raportteja"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"A self\u2010assessment questionnaire to determine morningness\u2010eveningness in human circadian rhythms","volume":"4","author":"Horne J. 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