{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T12:34:39Z","timestamp":1790512479381,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,20]],"date-time":"2019-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007626","name":"Magyar Tudom\u00e1nyos Akad\u00e9mia Sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1stechnikai \u00e9s Automatiz\u00e1l\u00e1si Kutat\u00f3int\u00e9zet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007626","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate hyperarousal in individuals with frequent nightmares (NM participants) by calculating arousal events during nocturnal sleep. We hypothesized an increased number of arousals in NM participants compared with controls, especially during those periods where the probability of spontaneous arousal occurrence is already high, such as non\u2010rapid eye movement to rapid eye movement transitions (pre\u2010rapid eye movement periods). Twenty\u2010two NM participants and 23 control participants spent two consecutive nights in our sleep laboratory, monitored by polysomnography. Arousal number and arousal length were calculated only for the second night, for 10\u00a0min before rapid eye movement (pre\u2010rapid eye movement) and 10\u00a0min after rapid eye movement (post\u2010rapid eye movement) periods, as well as non\u2010rapid eye movement and rapid eye movement phases separately. Repeated\u2010measures ANOVA model testing revealed significant Group (NM participants, controls)\u2005\u00d7\u2005Phase (pre\u2010rapid eye movement, post\u2010rapid eye movement) interaction in case of the number of arousals. Furthermore, post hoc analysis showed a significantly increased number of arousals during pre\u2010rapid eye movement periods in NM participants, compared with controls, a difference that disappeared in post\u2010rapid eye movement periods. We propose that focusing the analyses of arousals specifically on state transitory periods offers a unique perspective into the fragile balance between the sleep\u2010promoting and arousal systems. This outlook revealed an increased number of arousals in NM participants, reflecting hyperarousal during pre\u2010rapid eye movement periods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,20]],"date-time":"2019-12-20T20:50:30Z","timestamp":1576875030000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Hyperarousal captured in increased number of arousal events during pre\u2010REM periods in individuals with frequent nightmares"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1951-2420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Borb\u00e1la","family":"Blaskovich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry Munich Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cognitive Science Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest 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