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This study: (a) estimated the prevalence of sleep disturbance following work\u2010related injury; and (b) examined the longitudinal association between sleep disturbances and disability\/functioning, accounting for reciprocal relationships and mental illness. Longitudinal survey data were collected from workers' compensation claimants with a time\u2010loss claim in Victoria, Australia (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0700). Surveys were conducted at baseline, 6\u2005months and 12\u2005months. Sleep disturbance was measured using the Patient\u2010Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) questionnaire. Disability\/functioning was based on self\u2010reported activity limitations, participation restrictions and emotional functioning. Path models examined the association between disability\/functioning and sleep. Mean sleep disturbance <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores were 55.2 (<jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> 11.4) at 6\u2005months, with 36.4% of the sample having a <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\u2010score of 60+. Longitudinal relationships were observed between disability (specifically, emotional functioning) and sleep disturbances across successive follow\u2010up waves. For example, each unit increase in T2 emotional functioning (five\u2010point scale) was associated with a 1.1 unit increase in T3 sleep disturbance (approximately 29\u201376 scale). Cross\u2010lagged path models found evidence of a reciprocal relationship between disability and sleep, although adjustment for mental illness attenuated the estimates to the null. In conclusion, sleep disturbances are common among workers' compensation claimants with work injuries\/illnesses. Given the links between some dimensions of disability, mental health and sleep disturbances, the findings have implications for the development of interventions that target the high prevalence of sleep problems among working populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T05:49:38Z","timestamp":1593755378000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sleep disturbances and disability following work\u2010related injury and illness: Examining longitudinal relationships across three follow\u2010up waves"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7750-881X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan K.","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Work &amp; Health Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malcolm","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3901-2880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebbecca","family":"Lilley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imelda S.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter M.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Work &amp; Health Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Vic. 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