{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T12:57:14Z","timestamp":1789390634256,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\u201002192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\u201002192"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rapid eye movement (REM) obstructive sleep apnea might be particularly harmful to the cardiovascular system. We aimed to investigate the association between sleep apnea during REM sleep and signs of atherosclerotic disease in the form of carotid intima thickness in a community\u2010based sample of men and women and possible sex differences in this association. The association between sleep apnea during REM sleep and intima thickness was analysed cross\u2010sectionally in women from the community\u2010based \u201cSleep and Health in Women\u201d (SHE) study (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0253) and age\u2010 and body mass index (BMI)\u2010matched men from the \u201cMen in Uppsala; a Study of sleep, Apnea and Cardiometabolic Health\u201d (MUSTACHE) study (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0338). Confounders adjusted for were age, BMI, gender, alcohol, and smoking. All participants underwent a full\u2010night polysomnography, high\u2010resolution ultrasonography of the common carotid artery, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure measurements, and answered questionnaires. There was an association between sleep apnea during REM sleep and thicker carotid intima that remained after adjustment for confounding (adjusted <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.008, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.032). The intima was increased by 9.9% in the group with severe sleep apnea during REM sleep, and this association between severe sleep apnea during REM sleep and increased intima thickness remained after adjustment for confounders (adjusted <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.043, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.021). More women than men had severe sleep apnea during REM sleep; moreover, in sex\u2010stratified analyses, the association between sleep apnea during REM sleep and intima thickness was found in women but not in men. We conclude that severe REM sleep apnea is independently associated with signs of atherosclerosis. When stratified by sex, the association is seen in women but not in men.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T03:43:52Z","timestamp":1649821432000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Rapid eye movement sleep apnea and carotid intima thickness in men and women: a SHE\u2010MUSTACHE cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8486-6746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirjam","family":"Ljunggren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1485-5099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tord","family":"Naess\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2819-2799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny","family":"Theorell\u2010Hagl\u00f6w","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl A.","family":"Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery Ume\u00e5 University  Uppsala 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