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This study aimed to observe the effects of bifrontal anodal transcranial direct current stimulation. Specifically, we tested the ability of this stimulation protocol to reduce sleepiness and increase vigilance in partially sleep\u2010deprived healthy participants. Twenty\u2010three subjects underwent a within\u2010subject sham\u2010controlled stimulation protocol. We compared sleepiness and vigilance levels before and after the two stimulation conditions (active versus sham) by using behavioural (reaction\u2010time task), subjective (self\u2010report scales) and physiological (sleep\u2010onset latency and electroencephalogram power [<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a020] during the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test) measures. We showed the efficacy of the active stimulation in reducing physiological sleepiness and preventing vigilance drop compared with the sham stimulation. Consistently, we observed a reduction of perceived sleepiness following the active stimulation for both self\u2010report scales. However, the stimulation effect on subjective measures was not statistically significant probably due to the underpowered sample size for these measures, and to the possible influence of motivational and environmental factors. Our findings confirm the ability of this technique to influence vigilance and sleepiness, pointing out the potential for new treatment developments based on transcranial electrical stimulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T00:04:25Z","timestamp":1678061065000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The effects of bifrontal anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (<scp>tDCS<\/scp>) on sleepiness and vigilance in partially sleep\u2010deprived subjects: A multidimensional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9929-0399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Alfonsi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Rome Sapienza  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurora","family":"D'Atri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences University of L'Aquila  L'Aquila Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9260-7111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serena","family":"Scarpelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Rome Sapienza  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5544-5483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Gorgoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Rome Sapienza  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Body and Action Lab IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Giacinti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Rome Sapienza  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ludovica","family":"Annarumma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Body and Action Lab IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1961-286X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Salfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences University of L'Aquila  L'Aquila Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Amicucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Rome Sapienza  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6033-5406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Corigliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Rome Sapienza  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3613-6631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"De Gennaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Rome Sapienza  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Body and Action Lab IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2020.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207459008994241"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci8070137"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1013699998"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151770"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4567-14.2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"195","article-title":"A two process model of sleep regulation","volume":"1","author":"Borb\u00e9ly A. 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