{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:29:12Z","timestamp":1791286152444,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Several months after COVID\u201019 many individuals still report persisting symptoms, the so\u2010called \u2018post\u2010COVID\u201019 syndrome\u2019. An immunological dysfunction is one of the main pathophysiological hypotheses. As sleep is central to the functioning of the immune system, we investigated whether self\u2010reported pre\u2010existing sleep disturbance might be an independent risk factor for the development of post\u2010COVID\u201019 syndrome. A total of 11,710 participants of a cross\u2010sectional survey (all tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus\u20102) were classified into probable post\u2010COVID\u201019 syndrome, an intermediate group, and unaffected participants at an average of 8.5\u2009months after infection. The case definition was based on newly occurring symptoms of at least moderate severity and \u226520% reduction in health status and\/or working capacity. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were calculated to investigate the association between pre\u2010existing sleep disturbances and subsequent development of post\u2010COVID\u201019 syndrome while controlling for a variety of demographic, lifestyle, and health factors. Pre\u2010existing sleep disturbances were found to be an independent predictor of subsequent probable post\u2010COVID\u201019 syndrome (adjusted odds ratio 2.7, 95% confidence interval 2.27\u20133.24). Sleep disturbances as part of the post\u2010COVID\u201019 syndrome were reported by more than half of the participants and appeared to be a new symptom and to occur independent of a mood disorder in most cases. Recognition of disturbed sleep as an important risk factor for post\u2010COVID\u201019 syndrome should promote improved clinical management of sleep disorders in the context of COVID\u201019. Further, it may stimulate further research on the effect of improving sleep on the prognosis of COVID\u201019 long\u2010term sequelae and other post\u2010viral conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13949","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T07:09:20Z","timestamp":1684998560000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Pre\u2010existing sleep problems as a predictor of post\u2010acute sequelae of\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7631-1452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Schilling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Sleep Laboratory, Medical Faculty Mannheim University of Heidelberg  Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Nieters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Immunodeficiency, Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine Albert\u2010Ludwigs\u2010University  Freiburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8031-6608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Schredl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Sleep Laboratory, Medical Faculty Mannheim University of Heidelberg  Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael S.","family":"Peter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry Ulm University  Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dietrich","family":"Rothenbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry Ulm University  Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan O.","family":"Brockmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Protection, Infection Control and Epidemiology Baden\u2010Wuerttemberg Federal State Health Office, Ministry of Social Affairs, Health and Integration Stuttgart  Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siri","family":"G\u00f6pel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I University Hospital T\u00fcbingen  T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Kindle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Immunodeficiency, Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine Albert\u2010Ludwigs\u2010University  Freiburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uta","family":"Merle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine IV University Hospital Heidelberg  Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen M.","family":"Steinacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine Ulm University Hospital  Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winfried","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine II, Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine Albert\u2010Ludwigs\u2010University  Freiburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Epidemiology of Long COVID (EPILOC) Phase I study 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