{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:47:07Z","timestamp":1792032427595,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10001C_179241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10001C_179241"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nightmares are common among the general population and psychiatric patients and have been associated with signs of nocturnal arousal such as increased heart rate or increased high\u2010frequency electroencephalographic (EEG) activity. However, it is still unclear, whether these characteristics are more of a trait occurring in people with frequent nightmares or rather indicators of the nightmare state. We compared participants with frequent nightmares (NM group; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930) and healthy controls (controls; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200927) who spent 4\u2009nights in the sleep laboratory over the course of 8\u2009weeks. The NM group received six sessions of imagery rehearsal therapy (IRT), the \u2018gold standard\u2019 of cognitive\u2010behavioural therapy for nightmares, between the second and the third night. Sleep architecture and spectral power were compared between groups, and between nights of nightmare occurrence and nights without nightmare occurrence in the NM group. Additionally, changes before and after therapy were recorded. The NM group showed increased beta (16.25\u201331\u2009Hz) and low gamma (31.25\u201335\u2009Hz) power during the entire night compared to the controls, but not when comparing nights of nightmare occurrence to those without. Moreover, low gamma activity in rapid eye movement sleep was reduced after therapy in the NM group. Our findings indicate, cortical hyperarousal is more of a trait in people with frequent nightmares within a network of other symptoms, but also malleable by therapy. This is not only a new finding for IRT but could also lead to improved treatment options in the future that directly target high\u2010frequency EEG activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T11:24:53Z","timestamp":1694258693000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cortical hyperarousal in individuals with frequent nightmares"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1126-2195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Sayk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Saftien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong\u2010Viet V.","family":"Ngo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"},{"name":"Center for Brain, Behaviour and Metabolism University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Essex  Colchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Junghanns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ines","family":"Wilhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Becks anxiety inventory","author":"Beck A. 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