{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:55:11Z","timestamp":1791640511411,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]],"date-time":"2023-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Depression, poor sleep duration and low self\u2010efficacy are common in mothers of children with sleep problems. However, research rarely extends beyond the postpartum period. This study investigated the multifaceted relationship between child sleep and maternal depression in early motherhood. A confidential survey assessed child sleep problems, maternal sleep duration, parental self\u2010efficacy and depressive symptoms in 477 Australian mothers of children aged 3\u2009months to 5\u2009years. We found no relationship between child age and maternal depression, supporting our decision to look beyond postpartum depression. Robust bootstrapped mediation modelling tested the hypothesis that both maternal sleep duration and parental self\u2010efficacy would mediate child sleep problems as predictors of maternal depression. After controlling for child age, results showed a significant parallel mediation effect, demonstrating that maternal sleep duration and parental self\u2010efficacy both mediate the relationship between child sleep problems on maternal depression. While the total effect of child sleep problems on maternal depression was statistically significant, after partialling out the effects of other variables, child sleep problems no longer predicted maternal depression. Akaike information criterion analyses supported the full model, with both mediators explaining meaningful variance in maternal depression. This study expands our knowledge beyond the postpartum period, and divulges the disparate effects of sleep deprivation and parental self\u2010efficacy on the relationship between child sleep and depression in early motherhood. Maternal sleep duration and self\u2010efficacy are modifiable risk factors of maternal depression, indicating possible efficacious treatments. Parental self\u2010efficacy stands out as a direction for clinical practice and further psychobiological study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]],"date-time":"2023-07-22T11:32:01Z","timestamp":1690025521000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Child sleep problems, maternal sleep and self\u2010efficacy: Sleep's complicated role in maternal depression"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Alyssa J.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Charles Sturt University  Port Macquarie New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5416-4471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Appleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tresillian Family Care Centres  Belmore New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health University of Technology Sydney  Ultimo New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1199-2856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keith M.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Charles Sturt University  Port Macquarie New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01984"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v103.i13"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"307","volume-title":"Self\u2010efficacy beliefs of adolescents","author":"Bandura A.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bland J. M. &Altman D. G.(2015).Statistics notes: Bootstrap resampling methods.BMJ (Online) 350 h2622.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.h2622","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h2622"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"274","article-title":"Cognitive behavioral therapy\u2010insomnia protocol and review of efficacy studies","volume":"12","author":"\u00c7\u0131vg\u0131n U.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Approaches in Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(96)00008-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.150.6.782"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13363"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-016-0652-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-014-0089-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","volume-title":"Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression\u2010based approach","author":"Hayes A. F.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-016-2214-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2015.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.6.1317"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-009-0056-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0205243"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2004.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15402002.2021.1926249"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appdev.2007.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2013.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.3.e203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2010.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m4022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-017-0496-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2569"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-3200.21.1.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3132"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.6.e570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2012.01760.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2011.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2021.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.60.1.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00161"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsx066"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164415594658"}],"container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jsr.14005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,16]],"date-time":"2024-03-16T07:00:10Z","timestamp":1710572410000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jsr.14005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jsr.14005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsr.14005","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-1105","1365-2869"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-1105","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2869","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e14005"}}