{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T07:13:46Z","timestamp":1775286826362,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a central disorder of hypersomnolence often arising in childhood and adolescence. NT1 has a significant, but poorly defined, psychological impact. We aimed to investigate the psycho\u2010social functioning of children and adolescents with NT1. We performed a cross\u2010sectional, child and parent\u2010reported questionnaire survey in 37 children and adolescents (6\u201317\u2009years) with NT1, compared with age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls. Questionnaires (SSHS, ESS\u2010CHAD, CDI, MASC, CBCL, CRS\u2010R, and SNAP\u2010IV) evaluated various aspects of behavioural and emotional profiles, sleep habits, and daytime sleepiness. Subsequently, NT1 intra\u2010group analysis was performed to investigate the effect of sex (males vs females) and pharmacological treatment (treated vs non\u2010treated) on psychological features. The NT1 questionnaires total scores were then correlated with the clinical characteristics (age, body mass index [BMI], ESS\u2010CHAD score, cerebrospinal hypocretin\u20101 [Hcrt\u20101] levels, and diagnostic delay). Patients with NT1 showed a higher tendency to depressive symptoms, anxiety, somatisation, inattention, hyperactivity, oppositional\/defiant problems, and other maladaptive behaviours compared with controls. Among NT1 patients, females showed a higher propensity to anxiety, and non\u2010treated patients displayed higher depressive symptoms. Psychological symptoms increased with age, BMI, and daytime sleepiness in patients with NT1, while a younger age was associated with more frequent somatisation symptoms. Lower cerebrospinal Hcrt\u20101 levels correlated with poorer social competencies, daily activities, and inattention. Diagnostic delay was associated with a higher impact of depressive symptoms and behavioural problems. NT1 in children and adolescents is associated with poorer functioning in multiple psychological domains calling for a multidisciplinary approach and monitoring to reduce disease burden and to prevent psychiatric consequences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T05:54:47Z","timestamp":1698126887000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Exploring the emotional and behavioural profile in paediatric narcolepsy type 1: A case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Simoncini Malucelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5142-6315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Mercante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Pizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5714-5353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerio","family":"Brunetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"},{"name":"UOC di Neurologia \u2013 Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa\u2010Collo Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Biscarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Vandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Mazzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9307-5209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Franceschini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6914-799X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Della Marca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"},{"name":"UOC di Neurologia \u2013 Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa\u2010Collo Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catello","family":"Vollono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"},{"name":"UOC di Neurofisiopatologia \u2013 Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela Pia Rosaria","family":"Chieffo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Psychology Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department Women Children and Public Health Catholic University of Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1051-0472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Plazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia  Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"CBCL (Child Behavior Checklist 4\u201318). 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