{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T01:49:42Z","timestamp":1790646582923,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>This narrative review describes the current state of the literature that has examined associations between non\u2010sexual social touch (i.e., affectionate touch, touch therapies, touch with animals and inanimate objects that mimic social touch) and sleep quality. It also highlights areas for future research to clarify the links and to identify underlying mechanisms. Most existing studies have focussed on and shown positive effects of touch therapies (e.g., massage, therapeutic touch) on sleep quality in clinical populations. Although there are fewer studies examining how other forms of social touch are linked with sleep quality, the existing research provides preliminary evidence supporting affectionate touch (e.g., hugging, skin\u2010to\u2010skin contact) and tactile contact with animals (e.g., dogs) and objects that mimic social touch (e.g., robots, weighted blankets) as predictors of better sleep quality, while touch deprivation and touch aversion are associated with worse sleep quality. Informed by the existing literature, we additionally reviewed potential relational\u2010cognitive (e.g., felt\u2010security) and neurobiological (e.g., oxytocin) mechanisms likely to underlie associations between social touch and sleep quality. Overall, current research supports associations between non\u2010sexual social touch and sleep quality. However, future research is needed to establish these links for specific forms of social touch (and in various populations), to test explanatory mechanisms, and to identify boundary conditions. Understanding associations between non\u2010sexual social touch and sleep quality can inform the development of touch\u2010based interventions to improve sleep quality and health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]],"date-time":"2024-02-22T00:59:12Z","timestamp":1708563552000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A narrative review of research linking non\u2010sexual social touch to sleep quality"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5830-2659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuxi","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6195-6338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brooke C.","family":"Feeney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Positive effects of a weighted blanket on insomnia","volume":"2","author":"Ackerley R.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Sleep Medicine & Disorders"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","author":"Altevogt B. M.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation: An Unmet Public Health Problem"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2020.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.1348"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-011-9510-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2019.101385"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224545.2015.1071767"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.1982.tb01456.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2021.101481"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41105-020-00284-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(05)80176-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2020.07.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","volume-title":"November 2","author":"CDC","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5405\/jmbe.1043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JNR.0000347592.43768.46"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2006.01832.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2325-9639.1000136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0001392"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2007.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpnec.2021.100091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(01)00161-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13766"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.555058"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8636"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2022.102527"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2020.037358"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012273110194"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16660"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.38.2.194"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.4.858"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2011.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2016.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2017.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2019.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0300443011680106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18103\/mra.v8i8.2204"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10510974.2016.1205641"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11648\/j.rs.20170203.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children8010010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/ijtr.2016.23.4.173"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2016.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-4285"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsab072.777"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-017-0963-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0659-68"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","unstructured":"Healing Touch International. (2023).Healing touch international Inc. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.healingtouchinternational.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40750-020-00138-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(03)00465-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11818-010-0450-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10020278"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08927936.2018.1529354"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35053579"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00206.2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1948550616646427"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2016.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1088868316650307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2018.11.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11030362"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2005.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-015-9711-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-010-0114-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182412959"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00914150231208013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4040\/jkan.2011.41.6.821"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2004.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735415580675"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.1846"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/000579511X596624"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17518423.2014.904452"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-018-0867-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-6418-5_12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2018.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3862-14.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/bec.2022.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2009.0258"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"Energy therapies in advanced practice oncology: An evidence\u2010informed practice approach","volume":"4","author":"Potter P. J.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of the Advanced Practitioner in Oncology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2020.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11764-020-00972-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13030393"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","unstructured":"Shahid S.(2017).Spousal touch during sleep: Better sleep unless you're anxiously attached?(Publication No. 10272706) [Master thesis Arizona State University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.https:\/\/www.proquest.com\/dissertations\u2010theses\/spousal\u2010touch\u2010during\u2010sleep\u2010better\u2010unless\u2010youre\/docview\/1897020282\/se\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2752\/089279314X14072268687880"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08927936.2018.1529355"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1087-0792(03)00044-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Starkey A.(2019).Relational thriving in context: Examining the roles of gratitude affectionate touch and positive affective variability in health and well\u2010being. [Dissertation Portland State University]. PDXScholar.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15760\/etd.6690","DOI":"10.15760\/etd.6690"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","first-page":"468","article-title":"Stress and the HPA Axis","volume":"34","author":"Stephens M. A. C.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Alcohol Research: Current Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22914"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","unstructured":"Therapeutic Touch International Association. (2023).Therapeutic Touch International Association. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/therapeutictouch.org"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12159"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52537\/humanimalia.9930"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2007.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-018-0206-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppc.12801"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-012-0014-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-87080-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2021.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.8.7778"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13355-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2021.101322"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2654353"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7038a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01461672221123859"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01461672231193800"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.explore.2023.08.007"}],"container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jsr.14174","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T04:56:22Z","timestamp":1729140982000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jsr.14174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]]},"references-count":107,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jsr.14174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsr.14174","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-1105","1365-2869"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-1105","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2869","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e14174"}}