{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:13:27Z","timestamp":1787015607185,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008716","name":"Science and Industry Endowment Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008716","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007727","name":"Department of Industry, Innovation and Science, Australian Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ICG000899"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICG000899"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007727","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007727","name":"Department of Industry, Innovation and Science, Australian Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ICG001546"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICG001546"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007727","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Elite athletes are vulnerable to sleep and circadian disruption and associated mental health symptoms. This study aimed to investigate sex differences in sleep, circadian rhythms, and mental health, as well as the moderating role of sex in the prediction of mental health, among male professional and female semi\u2010professional elite athletes. Participants were 87 elite Australian Rules football (ARF) athletes (43% female; mean [standard deviation] age 24.0\u2009[4.1]\u2009years). Participants completed baseline questionnaires, 2\u2009weeks of sleep\/wake monitoring via actigraphy, and a circadian phase assessment (dim\u2010light melatonin onset [DLMO]). Cross\u2010sectional data were collected in training\u2010only Australian Football League (AFL) Men's and Women's pre\u2010season periods, with 53 providing data in two pre\u2010seasons. Female athletes, relative to males, reported poorer mental health (a higher athlete psychological strain score), had a later mid\u2010sleep time (by 28\u2009min), reported a greater preference towards eveningness, and displayed a later circadian phase (by 33\u2009min). For female athletes, lower sleep efficiency and lower sleep regularity were associated with poorer mental health. For female athletes, there were U\u2010shaped relationships between both morningness\u2013eveningness and phase angle (interval between sleep onset and DLMO time) and mental health. No significant relationships were found for male athletes. In summary, elite female ARF athletes reported poorer mental health, relative to males, especially when experiencing sleep or circadian disruption. Lifestyle factors associated with sex differences in ARF professionalism (scheduling, finances, supports) may contribute to these findings. Programmes to improve sleep, circadian alignment, and mental health among female semi\u2010professional elite athletes should be strongly considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T19:23:40Z","timestamp":1710271420000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Disruptions to sleep and circadian rhythms are associated with poorer athlete mental health in female, but not male, elite\n                    <scp>Australian<\/scp>\n                    Rules footballers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1370-8609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Mascaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychological Sciences Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7714-4630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josh","family":"Leota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychological Sciences Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5147-5829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychological Sciences Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7527-8558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shantha M. W.","family":"Rajaratnam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychological Sciences Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9815-626X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean P. A.","family":"Drummond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychological Sciences Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4549-9266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elise R.","family":"Facer\u2010Childs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychological Sciences Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-8869(91)90110-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"Black S.(2023).Happy days: The training shift that indicates a new AFLW era. AFL.https:\/\/www.afl.com.au\/news\/1002628\/happy-days-the-training-shift-that-indicates-a-new-aflw-era. Updated 2023 May 29. Accessed June 25 2023."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40675-022-00239-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003122412472048"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730410374943"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124543"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.02.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2017.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/wspaj.2021-0028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5423.2177"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","unstructured":"Dixon E.(2022).AFLW players get 94% pay rise in new CBA. 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