{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:15:29Z","timestamp":1787015729597,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RC\u20102787055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC\u20102787055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to investigate sex\u2010related differences in the response to ropinirole and pramipexole in patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS). By analysing clinical parameters and polysomnographic (PSG) findings, we sought to elucidate the potential factors related to sex disparities modulating treatment responses and sleep quality in RLS. A total of 41 drug\u2010free patients with RLS, aged \u226518\u2009years, underwent two consecutive nocturnal PSG recordings, without medication at baseline; before the second night, 26 patients received an oral dose of 0.25\u2009mg pramipexole whereas 15 received 0.5\u2009mg ropinirole. After each PSG recording, patients self\u2010evaluated the severity of their previous night symptoms by means of an ad hoc visual analogue scale (VAS). At baseline, sleep efficiency and percentage of Stage N2 tended to be higher in females while wakefulness after sleep onset was significantly higher in males. After treatment, total leg movements during sleep (LMS), periodic LMS (PLMS), and periodicity indexes were significantly lower in females than in males. The VAS score was lower after treatment in all patients, without differences between the two sexes. This study demonstrates a higher acute responsiveness of PLMS to dopamine agonists (pramipexole and ropinirole) in females than in males with RLS. These findings might be explained by differential sex\u2010related expression of dopamine receptors, especially D\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    , within the central nervous system. In addition, our findings provide translational hints toward a better tailored and sex\u2010specific approach to the treatment of RLS associated with PLMS, with dopamine agonist possibly associated with a better outcome in females than in males.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T21:35:00Z","timestamp":1724103300000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Sex\u2010based disparities in dopamine agonist response in patients with restless legs syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6662-2281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria P.","family":"Mogavero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Neuroscience San Raffaele Scientific Institute 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