{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T05:56:41Z","timestamp":1784872601565,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]],"date-time":"2024-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) appears to improve the ability to detect cardiometabolic risk in young and middle\u2010aged adults with mild\u2010to\u2010moderate obstructive sleep apnea (mmOSA). The aim of this study is to assess utility of CRP in identifying the risk of hypertension and insulin resistance across a wide age range including older patients with mmOSA. Adults (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009216) of a wide age range (28\u201390\u2009years old, mean age 52.64\u2009\u00b1\u200912.74) with mmOSA (5\u2009\u2264\u2009AHI\u2009&lt;\u200930) completed in\u2010lab polysomnography or home sleep apnea testing, physical examination including blood pressure (BP) measures, structured medical history questionnaire, and blood draw for CRP and fasting glucose and insulin levels. In adults &lt;\u200960\u2009years, lnCRP but not the apnea\u2013hypopnea index (AHI) was associated with greater odds for hypertension (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20092.40, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.20\u20134.84, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01; OR\u2009=\u20091.00, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.92\u20131.08, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.92, respectively) and with higher average systolic and diastolic BP. Also, in adults &lt;\u200960\u2009years lnCRP but not AHI, was associated with higher lnHOMA values. In contrast, in adults &gt; 60\u2009years neither lnCRP nor AHI were associated with greater odds for hypertension, average systolic and diastolic BP, and lnHOMA. Receiver\u2010operating characteristics curves revealed that adding CRP to standard clinical factors (age, sex, and BMI) yielded moderately good risk models for hypertension in patients &lt;\u200960\u2009years (AUC\u2009=\u20090.721). In conclusion, CRP improves the ability to detect cardiometabolic risk in young and middle\u2010aged, but not older adults with mmOSA, suggesting that inflammation may be a primary pathogenetic mechanism in younger patients with OSA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]],"date-time":"2024-10-27T05:14:18Z","timestamp":1730006058000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["C\u2010reactive protein improves the ability to detect hypertension and insulin resistance in mild\u2010to\u2010moderate obstructive sleep apnea: Age effect"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Slobodanka","family":"Pejovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Research &amp; Treatment Center, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine  Hershey Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yimeng","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine  Hershey Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8323-7526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandros N.","family":"Vgontzas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Research &amp; Treatment Center, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine  Hershey Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Fernandez\u2010Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Research &amp; Treatment Center, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine  Hershey Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine  Hershey Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sleep Medicine, Shantou University Mental Health Center Shantou University Medical College  Shantou China"},{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center Shantou University Medical College  Shantou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine  Hershey Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01148-2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events: Rules, terminology and technical specifications, version 2.6","author":"Berry R.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.15.2289"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306187"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.08.789"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-018-0064-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.13454"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2018.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00249.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201802-121OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.901801"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000154540.62381.CF"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00043-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12984"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.01.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202307-1159LE"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09392"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2014.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00045.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00126712"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2009.00754.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000006850"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.1.50"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2013.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-014-9304-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2005.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2023.11.1133"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13944"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsy265"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.3.6484"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2008.01984.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00234-2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1997.00440360178019"}],"container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jsr.14386","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T04:01:40Z","timestamp":1747108900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jsr.14386"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jsr.14386"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsr.14386","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-1105","1365-2869"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-1105","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2869","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e14386"}}