{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T01:23:19Z","timestamp":1785460999097,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759536000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This overview with re\u2010analysis of systematic reviews (SRs) aims to assess the effectiveness of orofacial myofunctional therapy (MT) for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) patients. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to July 2024. SRs with meta\u2010analyses on OSA in adults or children who underwent MT intervention compared to any control were included. Primary outcomes were severity of sleep apnea, oxygen saturation, sleep efficiency, and daytime sleepiness, while secondary outcomes included snoring intensity, frequency, and sleep quality. We included nine SRs, encompassing 21 unique primary studies (13 RCTs, 8 pre\u2010post studies;\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009716 participants). The methodological quality of the SRs was generally critically low (5\/9 SRs). After re\u2010analyzing outcome data (primary studies overlap: 13.44%), MT seems to be more effective than control in reducing severity of sleep apnea (MD \u22129.54; CIs 95% \u221214.04, \u22125.04), daytime sleepiness (MD \u22123.62; CIs 95% \u22126.61, \u22120.63), sleep quality (MD \u22122.23; CIs 95% \u22122.93, \u22121.53), and in improving minimum oxygen saturation (MD 3.19; CIs 95% 1.47, 4.91) in adults. No differences were found in mean oxygen saturation and sleep efficiency. Meta\u2010analyses comparing pre\u2010MT to post\u2010MT showed improvements post\u2010MT. Sparse evidence was found for other outcomes and for children. MT may improve multiple clinical outcomes in OSA. Results should be interpreted cautiously, as most primary studies are at high risk of bias. More research is needed on the pediatric population.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.70219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T12:26:30Z","timestamp":1759580790000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Myofunctional Therapy in Adults and Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An Overview and Re\u2010Analysis of Systematic Reviews"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Pisoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Azeta  Sondrio Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenza","family":"Buttafava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Epidemiology IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Guida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Epidemiology IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greta","family":"Castellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Epidemiology IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Bargeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Epidemiology IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3770-0011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Gianola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Epidemiology IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46658\/JBIMES-24-01"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"492","article-title":"Effects of Oropharyngeal Exercises on Antropometric Measures and Symptoms in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome","volume":"40","author":"Bellur N.","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Respiratory Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213\u20102600(19)30198\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","article-title":"Myofunctional Therapy for OSA Treatment","volume":"39","author":"Bussi M. T.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4652"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405\u2010017\u20104848\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325\u2010021\u201002384\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325\u2010024\u201003034\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325\u2010016\u20101429\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2013.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.obmed.2020.100185"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18031082"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2019.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj\u20102022\u2010070849"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8318"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2018.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663\u2010023\u201002051\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325\u2010019\u201001957\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2020.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2023.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2021.2001332"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1389\u20109457(01)00072\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201704\u20100672LE"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1557"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.9044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59081459"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Handbook","author":"Pollock M.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643\u2010019\u20101252\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13039"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013449.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30974"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j4008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","unstructured":"Study Quality Assessment Tools.2024.\u201cQuality Assessment Tool for Before\u2010After (Pre\u2010Post) Studies With No Control Group.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\u2010topics\/study\u2010quality\u2010assessment\u2010tools."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsz067.563"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325\u2010023\u201002934\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8030361"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000021591"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.2001.0152"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2021.101434"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00912"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2023.101855"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13325"}],"container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jsr.70219","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jsr.70219","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jsr.70219","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T06:04:34Z","timestamp":1779257074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jsr.70219"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jsr.70219"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsr.70219","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-1105","1365-2869"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-1105","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2869","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70219"}}