{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T06:15:56Z","timestamp":1779257756708,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL122754"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL122754"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL172928"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL172928"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P41EB029460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P41EB029460"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been linked to cortical atrophy and increased risk of neurodegeneration, a process potentially mediated by neurometabolic dysregulation. Recent work using high temporal\u2010resolution metabolic MRI found greater changes in the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) during cued breath\u2010hold stimuli simulating spontaneous apneas in OSA patients than in healthy people. Here, we conducted a secondary analysis on this work to assess whether the observed neurometabolic responses were associated with grey matter volume fraction. We examined previously collected data from OSA patients matched to non\u2010OSA participants by age and sex to evaluate associations between MRI\u2010based measures of neurometabolism and grey matter volume. Grey matter volume fraction (GMVF) was computed by segmenting T1\u2010weighted structural images and regressing out age effects in OSA patients relative to the age\u2010matched non\u2010OSA participants. We then examined the relationship between GMVF, apnea\u2010hypopnea index (AHI), and neurometabolic responses of cerebral blood flow (CBF), venous oxygen saturation (SvO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), and CMRO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    in response to breath\u2010hold stimuli. OSA severity, expressed in terms of AHI, was negatively associated with GMVF in both OSA and non\u2010OSA reference subjects after controlling for age. Incorporating the quantitative measures of brain oxygen metabolism showed breath\u2010hold responses in CBF and SvO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    to be positively associated with GMVF. However, changes in CMRO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    were not significantly associated with age\u2010normalized GMVF. The findings suggest that noninvasive global measures of brain oxygen metabolism may serve as quantitative markers of neural health. Further research is warranted to explore these measures and neurodegenerative risk in OSA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.70250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T10:01:25Z","timestamp":1763546485000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Neurometabolic Response to Apneic Stimuli Tracks Global Grey Matter Volume Deficits in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0557-3548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey B.","family":"Dennison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei\u2010Hsin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering National Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Langham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Schwab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8115-6343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John A.","family":"Detre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3430-1840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix W.","family":"Wehrli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.540864"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-179936"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2007.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-021-01094-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30198-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","volume-title":"The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events: Rules, Terminology and Technical Specifications. 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