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Previous studies have primarily used traditional metrics, such as the masticatory muscle activity (MMA) index and bruxism time index (BTI) to investigate the link between SB and TMD. However, we aimed to examine how the electromyography (EMG) frequency spectrum is associated with TMD in SB participants. We hypothesised that the EMG signal frequencies during MMA events would be lower in SB participants with TMD pain compared to those without TMD pain. In this exploratory study, we retrospectively analysed home polysomnography data from 44 participants who indicated possible SB. The median signal frequencies and absolute power were calculated using the Fast Fourier Transform of the EMG signals during MMA events. Moreover, the MMA index and BTI were calculated, and all parameters were compared between SB participants with and without TMD pain. The results showed that the absolute power and median frequencies were significantly lower in SB participants with TMD pain compared to those without TMD pain (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), whereas the MMA index and BTI did not differ between the groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). These findings suggest that masticatory muscles are getting fatigued in TMD participants with SB and therefore, EMG frequency\u2010based analysis may provide a promising direction for future assessment of TMD consequences of SB. However, these preliminary results should be validated in future studies involving a larger and more heterogeneous pool of participants.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.70287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T11:39:13Z","timestamp":1769341153000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Electromyography Frequency Spectrum Is a Better Indicator of Sleep Bruxism Severity Related to Temporomandibular Disorder Pain Than Conventional Masticatory Muscle Activation and Bruxism Time Indices\u2014A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1716-3909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minna","family":"Pitk\u00e4nen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Clinical Research Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8286-8876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miro","family":"Rytk\u00f6nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8896-4431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomi","family":"Miettinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6052-0441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jari","family":"Ahlberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9877-7640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Lobbezoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orofacial Pain &amp; Dysfunction Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function Faculty of Odontology, Malm\u00f6 University  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5780-1982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katja","family":"Myllymaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8035-1606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juha","family":"T\u00f6yr\u00e4s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"Science Service Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4017-821X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timo","family":"Lepp\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Clinical Research Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9779-4358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sami","family":"Myllymaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"245","article-title":"Effect of Jaw Muscle Pain and Soreness Evoked by Capsaicin Before Sleep on Orofacial Motor Activity During Sleep","volume":"15","author":"Arima T.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Orofacial Pain"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.11.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","volume-title":"The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events: Rules, Terminology and Technical Specifications","author":"Berry R. 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