{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T19:01:54Z","timestamp":1790622114620,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FWO\u2010TBM project no. T001117N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FWO\u2010TBM project no. T001117N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004418","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SRP90"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SRP90"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004418","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Chronic spinal pain is associated with fragmented sleep, yet the neurophysiological mechanisms linking the two remain unclear. Given their role in sensory gating and sleep stability, sleep spindles may represent a key mechanism connecting chronic spinal pain and sleep fragmentation. This study examined whether pain intensity over the past 4\u2009weeks was associated with sleep spindle density and related characteristics in individuals with chronic low back or neck pain and chronic insomnia disorder. Data from 120 participants, classified by self\u2010reported pain severity (mild, moderate, severe), were compared on spindle density derived from C4\u2013A1A2 and F4\u2013A1A2 EEG channels. No significant group differences were found in spindle density (respectively, C4:\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.372 and F4:\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.744). Regression analyses adjusted for age, sex and medication use showed that pain intensity did not significantly predict spindle density (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). However, exploratory regression models revealed small but statistically significant associations between pain intensity and both spindle power (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.047) and amplitude (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.038) on the C4 channel. These findings suggest that while spindle density does not vary meaningfully with pain intensity in this clinical population, alterations in spindle power and amplitude may reflect pain\u2010related modulation of thalamocortical activity. This highlights the complexity of pain\u2013sleep interactions in the presence of chronic spinal pain and insomnia. More nuanced, temporally resolved assessments of pain are needed to clarify the dynamic interactions between chronic pain, insomnia, and sleep microarchitecture.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.70368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T08:10:38Z","timestamp":1779783038000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Is Pain Intensity Associated With Sleep\u2010Spindle Activity in Persons With Chronic Spinal Pain and Chronic Insomnia Disorder? A Polysomnography Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9409-2070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nils","family":"Runge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education &amp; Physiotherapy Vrije Universiteit Brussel  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Brain, Body and Cognition (BBCO), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Pain in Motion International Research Consortium"},{"name":"VItal Signs and PERformance Monitoring (VIPER), LIFE Department Royal Military Academy  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4344-2410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nyissa","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Science Concordia University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thien Thanh","family":"Dang\u2010Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology Concordia University  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de G\u00e9riatrie de Montr\u00e9al (CRIUGM)  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liesbet","family":"De Baets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education &amp; Physiotherapy Vrije Universiteit Brussel  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Pain in Motion International Research Consortium"},{"name":"The Leuven Centre for Algology and Pain Management University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy University Hospital Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Labie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education &amp; Physiotherapy Vrije Universiteit Brussel  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Pain in Motion International Research Consortium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Bilterys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education &amp; Physiotherapy Vrije Universiteit Brussel  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Pain in Motion International Research Consortium"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Warwick  Coventry UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Verschueren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dieter","family":"Van Assche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Division of Rheumatology University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo","family":"Nijs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education &amp; Physiotherapy Vrije Universiteit Brussel  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Pain in Motion International Research Consortium"},{"name":"Pijnpraxis.be, Practice for Pain Management  Leopoldsburg Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Unit of Physiotherapy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anneleen","family":"Malfliet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education &amp; Physiotherapy Vrije Universiteit Brussel  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Pain in Motion International Research Consortium"},{"name":"Chronic Pain Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy University Hospital Brussels  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Research Foundation Flanders (FWO)  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lieven","family":"Danneels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Ickmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education &amp; Physiotherapy Vrije Universiteit Brussel  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Pain in Motion International Research Consortium"},{"name":"Pijnpraxis.be, Practice for Pain Management  Leopoldsburg Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten","family":"Moens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain in Motion International Research Consortium"},{"name":"Research Foundation Flanders (FWO)  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology University Hospital Brussels  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Stimulus Research Group Vrije Universiteit Brussels  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Center of Neurosciences Vrije Universiteit Brussels  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorien","family":"Goubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain in Motion International Research Consortium"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University  Ghent 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Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de G\u00e9riatrie de Montr\u00e9al (CRIUGM)  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Nuffield Department for Surgical Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford 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