{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T13:00:57Z","timestamp":1785330057289,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2001729"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2001729"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2007001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2007001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["361199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["361199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterised by cyclical respiratory events followed by hyperpneic breaths that frequently coincide with cortical arousals. Whilst this post\u2010event hyperventilation partly reflects accumulated respiratory stimuli, arousal itself appears to contribute independently through both its presence and its intensity. This study aimed to quantify the relative contributions of arousal presence and arousal intensity to post\u2010event ventilation, independent of chemoreflex\u2010driven responses. Two retrospective polysomnography data sets were analysed: a community\u2010based cohort (Multi\u2010Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, MESA;\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091781 included) and a Physiological Study data set (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200967). For every obstructive respiratory event, arousal presence (0\/1), arousal intensity (range 0 to 9) and post\u2010event ventilation were derived for each event, and mixed\u2010effects linear models were used to examine their associations at both the inter\u2010event and inter\u2010participant levels. At the inter\u2010event level, arousal presence at event termination increased ventilation by 17\u201330%Eupnea (increase above eupneic baseline) in both data sets, with each step increment in arousal intensity contributing an additional 1\u20134%Eupnea. At the inter\u2010participant level, each step increment in overnight mean arousal intensity was associated with a 2\u20134%Eupnea increase in the ventilatory response to arousal in both data sets. These findings demonstrate that arousal presence plays an important role in post\u2010event hyperventilation in OSA, with arousal intensity exerting a modest effect per increment but a substantial cumulative effect across the full 0\u20139 scale. Consistent across both data sets, the results suggest a mechanistic pathway to post\u2010event hyperventilation distinct from chemoreflex stimulation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.70412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T12:09:01Z","timestamp":1785326941000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Relative Contributions of Arousal Presence and Arousal Intensity to Post\u2010Respiratory\u2010Event Ventilation in Obstructive Sleep Apnea"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0701-1306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2499-5415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dwayne","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4017-821X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timo","family":"Lepp\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Clinical Research Centre, Kuopio University Hospital  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4986-4753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Azarbarzin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3752-0328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott","family":"Sands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8035-1606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juha","family":"T\u00f6yr\u00e4s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Science Service Centre, Kuopio University Hospital  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Terrill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland 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