{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T10:04:39Z","timestamp":1789639479216,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this study was to compare extreme circadian preferences by analysing motor activity rhythms in a naturalistic environment. Overall, 84 participants (64 females, 20 males) (42 evening types and 42 morning types), with a mean age of 23.3\u2009years (standard deviation\u2009=\u20094.2), were selected for this study. Each participant wore the Actigraph Micro Motionlogger Watch (Ambulatory Monitoring Inc., Ardlsey, NY, USA) around the non\u2010dominant wrist for 1\u2009week. We analysed quantitative and qualitative sleep features. We extracted motor activity counts, minute\u2010by\u2010minute, over 24\u2009h and used the functional linear modelling (FLM) framework to examine circadian differences across chronotypes. Moreover, we used the Locomotor Inactivity During Sleep (LIDS) to compare, for the first time, nocturnal ultradian activity differences between evening types and morning types. The results did not reveal significant differences in sleep features nor in several circadian or ultradian rhythmicity parameters. We found a significant difference in all the indicators of the circadian and ultradian phases. The rate of decline of LIDS during the night was more pronounced in the morning type than in the evening type. Overall, the results support the idea that circadian preference reflects a different process of synchronisation with the environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.70461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T09:31:50Z","timestamp":1789637510000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rhythmic Characterisation of Extreme Circadian Preferences in Everyday Life"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6797-9266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Tonetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology \u2018Renzo Canestrari\u2019 University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Giudetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology \u2018Renzo Canestrari\u2019 University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo Maria","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology \u2018Renzo Canestrari\u2019 University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9605-4952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcello","family":"Sicbaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering \u2018Guglielmo Marconi\u2019 University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8438-7828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology \u2018Renzo Canestrari\u2019 University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-8869(91)90110-W","article-title":"Horne & \u00d6stberg Morningness\u2010Eveningness Questionnaire: A Reduced Scale","volume":"12","author":"Adan A.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2012.719971","article-title":"Circadian Typology: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"29","author":"Adan A.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chronobiology International"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2015.06.001","article-title":"Emil Kraepelin's Concepts of the Phenomenology and Physiology of Sleep: The First Systematic Description of Chronotypes","volume":"27","author":"Becker K.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep Medicine Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.1642","article-title":"The Consensus Sleep Diary: Standardizing Prospective Sleep Self\u2010Monitoring","volume":"35","author":"Carney C. 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