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We critically examine both the current practices as well as outline emerging possibilities in dry mouth diagnosis and treatment, including a patent scan for saliva substitutes. For diagnosis, salivary flow rates and patient\u2010completed questionnaires have proven to be useful tools in clinical practice. To date, objective measurements of changes in mechanical properties of saliva via rheological, adsorption, and tribological measurements and biochemical properties of saliva such as assessing protein, mucins (MUC5B) are seldom incorporated into clinical diagnostics; these robust diagnostic tools have been largely restricted to application in non\u2010clinical settings. As for symptomatic treatments of dry mouth, four key agents including lubricating, thickening, adhesive, and moisturizing agents have been identified covering the overall landscape of commercial saliva substitutes. Although thickening agents such as modified celluloses, polysaccharide gum, polyethylene glycol, and so forth are most commonly employed saliva substitutes, they offer short\u2010lived relief from dry mouth and generally do not provide boundary lubrication properties of real human saliva. Innovative technologies such as self\u2010assembly, emulsion, liposomes, and microgels are emerging as novel saliva substitutes hold promise for alternative approaches for efficient moistening and lubrication of the oral mucosa. Their adoption into clinical practice will depend on their efficacies, duration of relief, and ease of application by the practitioners and patient compliance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jtxs.12575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T10:49:34Z","timestamp":1607078974000},"page":"141-156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Dry mouth diagnosis and saliva substitutes\u2014A review from a textural perspective"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment University of Leeds  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efren","family":"Andablo\u2010Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment University of Leeds  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Mighell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Leeds  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sue","family":"Pavitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Leeds  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1742-2122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anwesha","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment University of Leeds  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2015.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2016.04.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2017.05.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"273","article-title":"An evidence\u2010based review literature about risk indicators and management of unknown\u2010origin xerostomia","volume":"10","author":"Agha\u2010Hosseini F.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Dentistry (Tehran, Iran)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02407152"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.078246"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12545"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2013.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/JPBS.JPBS_220_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"Banerjee R. &Guhasarkar S.(2012).Self assembled nanostructured saliva substitutes. 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