{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T02:06:43Z","timestamp":1788919603621,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001862","name":"Svenska Forskningsr\u00e5det Formas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AC\u20102024\/0018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AC\u20102024\/0018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001862","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Texture Studies"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Dysphagia caused by dysfunction is commonly managed by thickened beverages, yet fluids with similar viscosity may differ markedly in terms of swallowing safety. This study investigates how thickening mechanisms such as viscosity level, elasticity, and shear\u2010thinning affect bolus cohesivity and aspiration risk. Model fluids with identical shear viscosity at 50\u2009s\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    of 0.15\u2009Pa\u2009s and IDDSI level 2 were formulated: Newtonian (maltodextrin), Boger (maltodextrin\u2009+\u2009xanthan, elastic), and shear\u2010thinning (xanthan). Their flow behavior was evaluated in a swallowing simulator (\u201cThe Gothenburg Throat\u201d) replicating healthy and impaired conditions, combined with shear and extensional rheometry. Despite identical shear viscosity, marked differences in flow were observed. Newtonian fluids showed insufficient cohesivity and allowed aspiration under impaired conditions, whereas both elastic (Boger) and shear\u2010thinning fluids maintained cohesive boluses and prevented airway entry. Elastic and extensional properties enhance bolus integrity, reducing droplet breakup. Analysis using dimensionless numbers indicated that neither viscosity nor inertia alone predicts performance; instead, a combined \u201cbolus cohesivity number\u201d incorporating viscous, elastic, inertial, and surface forces correlated with aspiration outcomes. These results demonstrate that the mechanism of thickening is critical: elasticity and shear\u2010thinning improve swallowing safety beyond viscosity alone, which has strong implications for the design and selection of dysphagia thickeners.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jtxs.70107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T22:55:36Z","timestamp":1787525736000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Thickener Rheology on Bolus Cohesivity in Dysphagia Management"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0310-4465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mats","family":"Stading","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE Research Institutes of Sweden  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Chalmers University of Technology  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8538-3060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna","family":"Eckardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE Research Institutes of Sweden  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20102000\u20108387"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"Modelling the Continuous Relaxation Time Spectrum of Aqueous Xanthan Solutions Using Two Commercial Softwares","volume":"26","author":"Berta M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transactions of the Nordic Rheology 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Gravity\u2010Driven Flow of Herschel\u2010Bulkley Fluids in a Syringe and the Transition to Dripping","author":"Lecanu R.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Physics of Fluids"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455\u2010025\u201010899\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455\u2010016\u20109696\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","first-page":"40","article-title":"Effects of Rheological Factors on Perceived Ease of Swallowing","volume":"6","author":"Nystr\u00f6m M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Applied 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