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Missed doses and failing to persist on treatment are two patient\u2010level processes that are rarely defined or analysed separately from other factors affecting treatment adherence. We evaluated the prevalence and patterns of missed doses and nonpersistence, and identified patient characteristics associated with these outcomes. Missed doses of ribavirin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBV<\/jats:styled-content>) and peginterferon (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEG<\/jats:styled-content>), measured prospectively in Virahep\u2010C using electronic monitoring technology, were analysed using generalized estimating equations. Cox proportional hazards models analysed time to nonpersistence from baseline to week 24 (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0401) and from week 24 to 48 in Responders (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0242). Average proportion of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010missed doses increased over time from 5% to 15% and 7% to 27%, respectively. Patients who were younger, African\u2010American, unemployed, or unmarried were at greater risk of missing<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEG<\/jats:styled-content>from week 0 to 24; higher baseline depression predicted missing<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEG<\/jats:styled-content>from weeks 24 to 48. Patients who were younger or African\u2010American were more likely to miss daily<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBV<\/jats:styled-content>from weeks 0 to 24; and those without private insurance or employment were more likely to miss<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBV<\/jats:styled-content>from weeks 24 to 48. Fifty\u2010two patients failed to persist on treatment for patient\u2013driven deviations. Predictors of nonpersistence from weeks 0 to 24 included younger age, lower education, public or no insurance, or worse baseline headaches. In conclusion, electronic monitoring and the prospective Virahep\u2010C design afforded a unique opportunity to evaluate missing doses and nonpersistence separately, and identify patients at risk of nonadherence. These processes will be important to investigate as the dosing schedules of antiviral regimens become increasingly complex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,25]],"date-time":"2013-02-25T09:50:45Z","timestamp":1361785845000},"page":"536-549","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Adherence to<scp>PEG<\/scp>\/ribavirin treatment for chronic hepatitis C: prevalence, patterns, and predictors of missed doses and nonpersistence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"D. 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