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Tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1\u2010induced protein\u20108 like\u20102 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIPE<\/jats:styled-content>2) is a recently identified molecular to maintain immune homoeostasis, but its role in acute\u2010on\u2010chronic hepatitis B liver failure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACHBLF<\/jats:styled-content>) is unknown. We detected <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIPE<\/jats:styled-content>2 m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>s) from 56 patients with ACHBLF, 60 chronic hepatitis B patients, 24 healthy controls and analysed its role in disease severity and prognosis. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIPE<\/jats:styled-content>2 m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression in patients with ACHBLF was higher than that of patients with chronic infection or healthy controls. In patients with ACHBLF, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIPE<\/jats:styled-content>2 m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> level was positively correlated with serum total bilirubin, international normalized ratio and model for end\u2010stage liver disease scores. Furthermore, the level of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIPE<\/jats:styled-content>2 m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly higher in nonsurvivors than survivors in patients with ACHBLF. The m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> level of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIPE<\/jats:styled-content>2 gradually decreased week by week in survivors accompanied by recovery from patients with ACHBLF, while its expression sustained at high levels in nonsurvivors. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIPE<\/jats:styled-content>2 m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> level after lipopolysaccharide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>) stimulation <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> in patients with ACHBLF was higher compared with controls and patients with chronic infection. Meanwhile, cytokines <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> secreted were measured as a marker of immune activation. After <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content> stimulation, interleukin (IL)\u20106 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression were reduced in patients with ACHBLF, and a significantly negative correlation was found between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIPE<\/jats:styled-content>2 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> levels. In conclusion, our results identified the potential role of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIPE<\/jats:styled-content>2 in predicting disease progression and prognosis in patients with ACHBLF by negative regulating of cell\u2010mediated immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,17]],"date-time":"2013-05-17T04:10:48Z","timestamp":1368763848000},"page":"64-73","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Elevated expression of tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1\u2010induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8)\u2010like 2 m<scp>RNA<\/scp> in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with disease progression of acute\u2010on\u2010chronic hepatitis <scp>B<\/scp> liver failure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"L.\u2010Y.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 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