{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T11:08:17Z","timestamp":1696504097669},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,25]],"date-time":"2013-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare of Japan"},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Pegylated interferon (P<\/jats:styled-content>eg\u2010IFN<\/jats:styled-content>) plus ribavirin combination therapy is effective in patients with hepatitis C<\/jats:styled-content> virus (HCV<\/jats:styled-content>) infection and normal alanine aminotransferase levels (NALT<\/jats:styled-content>). However, it remains unclear whether the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC<\/jats:styled-content>) incidence is actually reduced in virological responders. In this study, HCC<\/jats:styled-content> incidence was examined for 809 patients with NALT<\/jats:styled-content> (ALT<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2264\u00a040\u00a0IU\/mL) treated with P<\/jats:styled-content>eg\u2010IFN<\/jats:styled-content> alpha\u20102b and ribavirin for a mean observation period of 36.2 \u00b1 16.5\u00a0months. The risk factors for HCC<\/jats:styled-content> incidence were analysed by K<\/jats:styled-content>aplan\u2013M<\/jats:styled-content>eier method and C<\/jats:styled-content>ox proportional hazards model. On multivariate analysis among NALT<\/jats:styled-content> patients, the risk of HCC<\/jats:styled-content> incidence was significantly reduced in patients with sustained virological response (SVR<\/jats:styled-content>) or relapse compared with those showing nonresponse (NR<\/jats:styled-content>) (SVR <\/jats:styled-content>vs <\/jats:italic>NR<\/jats:styled-content>, hazard ratio (HR<\/jats:styled-content>): 0.16, P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.009, relapse vs<\/jats:italic> NR, HR: 0.11, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.037). Other risk factors were older age (\u226565\u00a0years vs<\/jats:italic> <60\u00a0years, HR: 6.0, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.032, 60\u201364 vs<\/jats:italic> <60\u00a0years, HR: 3.2, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.212) and male gender (HR: 3.9, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.031). Among 176 patients with PNALT<\/jats:styled-content> (ALT<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2264\u00a030\u00a0IU\/mL), only one patient developed HCC<\/jats:styled-content> and no significant risk factors associated with HCC<\/jats:styled-content> development were found. In conclusion, antiviral therapy for NALT<\/jats:styled-content> patients with HCV<\/jats:styled-content> infection can lower the HCC<\/jats:styled-content> incidence in responders, particularly for aged and male patients. The indication of antiviral therapy for PNALT<\/jats:styled-content> (ALT<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2264\u00a030\u00a0IU\/mL) patients should be carefully determined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,26]],"date-time":"2013-08-26T01:18:48Z","timestamp":1377479928000},"page":"357-365","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis C<\/scp> patients with normal alanine aminotransferase treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Harada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Hiramatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Osaka University Graduate 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