{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T02:24:48Z","timestamp":1779243888717,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,11]],"date-time":"2013-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatitis <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content> virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HEV<\/jats:styled-content>) is the most common cause of endemic and epidemic acute hepatitis. A correlation between i<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content>, e<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> polymorphisms, levels and severity of disease has been reported, and here, we examined the role of i<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> and e<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> gene polymorphisms and their levels in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HEV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related acute viral hepatitis and acute liver failure. Hepatitis <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content> virus\u2010related cases of acute hepatitis (294 patients) and liver failure (82 patients) and age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched healthy controls (331 subjects) were included in the study. PCR\u2010RFLP was performed to identify the polymorphisms in the i<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> and e<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> genes. iNOS and e<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> levels were studied using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content> assays and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HEV<\/jats:styled-content> viral load, genotype and combined effects of i<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> genotype, levels and parameters for disease severity were examined. The frequency of i<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0+\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TT<\/jats:styled-content>) and e<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GT<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0+\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TT<\/jats:styled-content>) genotypes was higher in subjects with liver failure compared with controls. iNOS and e<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> levels in patients with acute liver failure (55.51\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.33\u00a0IU\/mL, 60.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.69) cases were significantly increased as compared to patients with acute viral hepatitis (17.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.08\u00a0IU\/mL, 23.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.57) and controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). A significant positive correlation was observed between the i<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> and e<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> levels in our study population when compared with the severity of disease parameters. Hence, the i<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS C<\/jats:styled-content>150<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content> polymorphism and the e<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS G<\/jats:styled-content>894<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content> polymorphism and high levels of i<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> and e<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> are associated with an increased risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HEV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related acute hepatitis and liver failure. This study supports the possible role of nitric oxide synthase genes (i<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> and e<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content>) in determining the severity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HEV<\/jats:styled-content> infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,12]],"date-time":"2013-11-12T03:14:11Z","timestamp":1384226051000},"page":"671-679","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Role of nitric oxide synthase genes in hepatitis <scp>E<\/scp> virus infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"R. K.","family":"Hazam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PCR Hepatitis Lab Department of Medicine Maulana Azad Medical College University of Delhi New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Deka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological science Gauhati University Guwahati India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Kar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PCR Hepatitis Lab Department of Medicine Maulana Azad Medical College University of Delhi New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"790","volume-title":"A Modern Treatise of Infectious Process","author":"Stapleton J","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(81)90758-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612033391784"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2007.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90268-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.203"},{"issue":"23","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17478","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)85359-0","article-title":"Structure and chromosomal localization of the human constitutive endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene","volume":"268","author":"Marsden PA","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.1146"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6765","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)37441-0","article-title":"Molecular cloning, structure and chromosomal localization of the human inducible nitric oxide synthase gene","volume":"269","author":"Chartrain NA","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1994.1039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i39.6361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hy1201.097305"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000121357.76910.A3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1535"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000143483.66701.ec"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00271-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.6.917"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"Genes Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene (NOS2A) haplotypes and the outcome of hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"5","author":"Yee LJ","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90156-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25551"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v10.i22.3278"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i35.4917"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"iNOS gene C150T polymorphism biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in stable ischemic heart disease: a pilot study","volume":"1","author":"Bhardwaj S","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intn J Adv Biotechnol Bioinform"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","first-page":"366","article-title":"A study of the association of iNOS and eNOS gene polymorphism with portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis","volume":"13","author":"Cheng YQ","year":"2005","journal-title":"Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2004.00187.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-12-4250"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000013703.07316.7F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-008-0577-8"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","first-page":"68","article-title":"Endothelial nitric 12. oxide synthase (eNOS) Glu298\u2192Asp polymorphism (G894T) among south Indians","volume":"129","author":"Nishevitha NS","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000086761"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20030360"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.32.3.521"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","first-page":"471","article-title":"The G894T mutation of the Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene is associated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease in Chinese","volume":"19","author":"Wei D","year":"2002","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.62.11.1083"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in chronic hepatitis B patients is correlated with histopathological grading and staging","volume":"22","author":"Wu J","year":"2008","journal-title":"Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","first-page":"142","article-title":"Nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase in patients with chronic hepatitis B","volume":"19","author":"Wang K","year":"2005","journal-title":"Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.2002.00382.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.12.10.773"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.02032.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21958"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50366"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(96)80115-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.2188"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80006-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50106"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","first-page":"342","article-title":"Study on the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and its mRNA in liver tissues of patients with chronic hepatitis B","volume":"15","author":"He J","year":"2001","journal-title":"Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Investigation of the relationship between serum nitric oxide levels, HBV\u2010DNA and ALT levels in chronic hepatitis B patients","volume":"43","author":"Sener AG","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mikrobiyol Bul"}],"container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjvh.12186","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjvh.12186","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jvh.12186","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T00:09:22Z","timestamp":1696205362000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jvh.12186"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,11]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jvh.12186"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvh.12186","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-0504","1365-2893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-0504","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2893","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,11]]}}}