{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T05:52:36Z","timestamp":1782453156821,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,9]],"date-time":"2014-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"2011 American Gastroenterology Association Research Scholar Award"},{"name":"2010 American Association for the Study of Liver Disease Clinical and Translational Research Award"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatitis B virus is classically considered a hepatotropic virus but also infects peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Chronic hepatitis B has different disease phases modulated by host immunity. We compared HBV variability, drug resistance and immune escape mutations in the overlapping HBV polymerase\/surface gene in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in different disease phases. Plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 22 treatment na\u00efve patient cohorts (five inactive, six immune\u2010active, nine HBeAg negative and two immune\u2010tolerant). HBV was genotyped via line probe assay, hepatitis B surface antigen titres were determined by an in\u2010house immunoassay, and HBV DNA was quantified by kinetic PCR. The HBV polymerase\/surface region, including full genome in some, was PCR\u2010amplified and cloned, and ~20 clones\/sample were sequenced. The sequences were subjected to various mutational and phylogenetic analyses. Clonal sequencing showed that only three of 22 patients had identical HBV genotype profiles in both sites. In immune\u2010active chronic hepatitis B, viral diversity in plasma was higher compared with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Mutations at residues, in a minority of clones, associated with drug resistance, and\/or immune escape were found in both compartments but were more common in plasma. Immune escape mutations were more often observed in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of immune\u2010active CHB carriers, compared with other disease phases. During all CHB disease phases, differences exist between HBV variants found in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma. Moreover, these data indicate that HBV evolution occurs in a compartment and disease phase\u2010specific fashion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,9]],"date-time":"2014-09-09T12:37:12Z","timestamp":1410266232000},"page":"416-426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Hepatitis B virus (<scp>HBV<\/scp>) variants fluctuate in paired plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells among patient cohorts during different chronic hepatitis B (<scp>CHB<\/scp>) disease phases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"C. 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