{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:19:07Z","timestamp":1790255947392,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]],"date-time":"2014-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Acute hepatitis C<\/jats:styled-content> infection is recognized in HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected men who have sex with men (MSM<\/jats:styled-content>), but the risk in HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative MSM<\/jats:styled-content> remains unclear. We evaluated a population of MSM<\/jats:styled-content> with acute hepatitis C. From January 2010 to May 2014, all cases of HCV<\/jats:styled-content> antibody positive HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative MSM<\/jats:styled-content> were identified. European AIDS<\/jats:styled-content> Network criteria were applied to determine acute infection, and 44 individuals fulfilled the criteria for acute hepatitis C. Ten were RNA<\/jats:styled-content> negative at baseline and classed as prior spontaneous clearance. 15 (34.1%) had a previously negative HCV<\/jats:styled-content> antibody within 1\u00a0year. 11 (25.0%) had significant elevation in ALT<\/jats:styled-content> levels, and 18 (40.9%) were clinically diagnosed from risk exposure and history. Median age was 37\u00a0years (range 24\u201375). 41 (93.2%) individuals reported unprotected anal sex, 36 with (87.8%) both insertive and receptive intercourse, 4 (9.8%) with receptive intercourse, 1 (2.4%) with insertive intercourse, and no data were recorded for 3 (7.3%) patients. Individuals had an average of 7.3 reported (median 2, range 1\u2013100) partners. 12 (27.3%) engaged in group sex, 11 (25.0%) practised fisting, 11 (25.0%) admitted using drugs during sexual activity, 16 (36.4%) reported nasal, and 9 (20.5%) reported injection drug use. 14 (31.8)% had unprotected sex whilst under the influence of recreational drugs. 29 individuals were aware of a partner's status. 2 (4.5%) individuals had sexual contact with a known HCV<\/jats:styled-content> monoinfected partner, 13 (29.5%) with a HIV<\/jats:styled-content> monoinfected partner and 6 (13.6%) with a HCV<\/jats:styled-content>\/HIV<\/jats:styled-content> coinfected partner. 9 (20.5%) reported a partner\/partners with no known infection. No data were available in 14 (31.8%) individuals. 13 (29.5%) individuals had a coexisting STI<\/jats:styled-content> at the time of acute HCV<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis. 8 (18.2%) received HIV<\/jats:styled-content> postexposure prophylaxis (PEP<\/jats:styled-content>) within the 6\u00a0months prior to the HCV<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis (2 were participants in a HIV<\/jats:styled-content> pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis trial). 15 (34.1%) individuals achieved spontaneous clearance of HCV<\/jats:styled-content>, and 11 patients received HCV<\/jats:styled-content> treatment. Similar to the ongoing epidemic of acute HCV<\/jats:styled-content> infection in HIV<\/jats:styled-content>+ MSM<\/jats:styled-content>, HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative MSM<\/jats:styled-content> remain at risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]],"date-time":"2014-11-21T08:35:21Z","timestamp":1416558921000},"page":"535-538","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Acute hepatitis C<\/scp> infection in HIV<\/scp>\u2010negative men who have sex with men"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"McFaul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of HIV and Genitourinary Medicine Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Maghlaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of HIV and Genitourinary Medicine Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Nzuruba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of HIV and Genitourinary Medicine Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Farnworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of HIV and Genitourinary Medicine Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Foxton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of HIV and Genitourinary Medicine Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"},{"name":"Imperial College School of Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Devitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of HIV and Genitourinary Medicine Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.1.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(94)91128-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"213","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus infection in a male homosexual cohort: risk factor analysis","volume":"72","author":"Ndimbie OK","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/518796"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32832e5631"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"399","article-title":"Acute hepatitis C in HIV\u2010infected individuals\u2013recommendations from the NEAT consensus conference","author":"The European AIDS Treatment Network (NEAT) Acute Hepatitis C Infection Consensus Panel and Rockstroh JK","year":"2011","journal-title":"AIDS 25"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/591699"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.217166"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"Tiraboschi JBL MichaelB SaundersJ GabrielS RocheN FoxJ on and b.o.t.P. Study.Acute hepatitis C in the PROUD pilot study. in Third Joint Conference of the British HIV Association and the British Association for the Study of Sexual Health and HIV 2014. Arena and Convention Centre Liverpool."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.Viral hepatitis prevention screening and treatment.2014. Available at:https:\/\/aasld.org\/patients\/Pages\/ViralHepatitisPrevention.aspx#screening."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","unstructured":"American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and Infectious Diseases Society of America.Recommendations for testing managing and treating hepatitis C. January 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control.Testing recommendations for chronic hepatitis C virus infection.2014. Available at:http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis\/hcv\/guidelinesc.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/533454"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462413515192"}],"container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjvh.12366","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjvh.12366","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jvh.12366","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T01:41:12Z","timestamp":1696210872000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jvh.12366"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jvh.12366"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvh.12366","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-0504","1365-2893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-0504","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2893","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]]}}}