{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:14:34Z","timestamp":1787015674145,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,11]],"date-time":"2015-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Hepatitis E viral infection can lead to a chronic infection in immunocompromised patients, resulting in progressive liver disease and cirrhosis. Isolated cases have shown that treatment with ribavirin or pegylated interferon\u2010\u03b1 can result in viral eradication. This systematic review evaluated efficacy and safety of both treatments in chronic hepatitis E. A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed, Web of Science and clinicaltrials.gov for articles and abstracts. The keywords \u2018\u201cHepatitis E\u201d or\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HEV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2019\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AND<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2018ribavirin or Rebetol or Copegus\u2019\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2018pegylated interferon\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    peginterferon\u2032 were combined. The primary outcome was sustained viral response (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ). Secondary endpoints include rapid viral response (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ), relapse rates and side effects. Twenty\u2010four studies matched our criteria, representing a total of 105 ribavirin\u2010treated and 8 pegylated interferon\u2010treated patients. The majority of patients had a solid organ transplant. Sixty\u2010four per cent of ribavirin\u2010treated patients achieved a\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    at 6\u00a0months after treatment cessation compared to 2\/8 peginterferon\u2010treated patients. Ribavirin was relatively well tolerated with the main side effect being anaemia, requiring dose reduction in 28% of patients. Peginterferon leads to acute transplant rejection in 2\/8 patients. Ribavirin monotherapy appears to be an effective and safe treatment in all immunocompromised patients with chronic hepatitis E. The use of pegylated interferon in transplant patients may lead to transplant rejection and is not recommended. Therefore, ribavirin should be the antiviral treatment of choice in chronic hepatitis E.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,11]],"date-time":"2015-03-11T07:25:21Z","timestamp":1426058721000},"page":"965-973","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis E: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"A. 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