{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T07:41:49Z","timestamp":1696232509855},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,25]],"date-time":"2015-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Canadian Research Training Program for Hepatitis C"},{"name":"Canadian Liver Foundation Graduate Fellowship"},{"name":"Investigator Award from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research"},{"name":"F. Norman Hughes Chair in Pharmacoeconomics in Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immigrants with chronic hepatitis C (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHC<\/jats:styled-content>) in Canada have doubled risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. To measure the burden of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHC<\/jats:styled-content> among immigrants in Canada. A decision analytic model was developed to compare immigrants with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHC<\/jats:styled-content> and age\u2010matched immigrants without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHC<\/jats:styled-content> for survival years, quality\u2010adjusted life\u2010years (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QALY<\/jats:styled-content>s) and medical costs per life year. Hepatitis C epidemiology among immigrants was based on hepatitis C prevalence in their home countries. A cohort of immigrant patients was retrospectively followed up to estimate fibrosis stage distribution, treatment patterns and prognosis of compensated cirrhosis. Other model variables were based on published sources. Base case analysis, one\u2010way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were performed to measure the burden of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHC<\/jats:styled-content> and assess the impact of uncertainty associated with model variables on the burden of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHC<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHC<\/jats:styled-content> could reduce survival by 9.6\u00a0years [95% credible interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>): 8.0\u201310.9\u00a0years], reduce <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QALY<\/jats:styled-content>s by 9.5\u00a0years (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 6.0\u201313.8\u00a0years) and increase medical costs per life year by $1950 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: $1518 to $2486, 2006 Canadian dollars). Because nearly half of immigrants with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHC<\/jats:styled-content> were not diagnosed until the development of cirrhosis, the burden of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHC<\/jats:styled-content> was highly sensitive to the risks of liver\u2010related complications and mortality but insensitive to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin. The burden of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHC<\/jats:styled-content> among immigrants in Canada is substantial mainly due to liver\u2010related complications and mortality. The delay in diagnosis was another important contributor to the burden of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHC<\/jats:styled-content> among immigrants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,25]],"date-time":"2015-06-25T11:10:09Z","timestamp":1435230609000},"page":"1043-1054","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Disease burden of chronic hepatitis C among immigrants in Canada"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment Collaborative University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Division of Social and Administrative Pharmacy Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Krahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment Collaborative University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Division of Social and Administrative Pharmacy Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University Health Network University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"S18","article-title":"Public health and hepatitis C","volume":"91","author":"Patrick DM","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03405032","article-title":"Hepatitis A, B, and C in Canada. 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