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Expression levels of interferon types I, II<\/jats:styled-content> and III<\/jats:styled-content>, their receptor subunits, IRF<\/jats:styled-content>s, TLR<\/jats:styled-content>s and other IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were compared. Forty HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg\u2010positive treatment\u2010na\u00efve subjects without co\u2010infection with HIV<\/jats:styled-content>, HCV<\/jats:styled-content> or HDV<\/jats:styled-content> were enrolled. To complement the viral load, the expression levels of 37 innate immune genes were measured by qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>. The highest response of the innate immune system was observed in the IT<\/jats:styled-content> and HB<\/jats:styled-content>eAg\u2010negative phases, and the IC<\/jats:styled-content> phase had the lowest response; 31 of the 37 studied genes reached their maximum mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression levels in the IT<\/jats:styled-content> and HB<\/jats:styled-content>eAg\u2010negative phases, and the minimum expression levels of 23 genes were found in the IC<\/jats:styled-content> phase. The highest mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression levels of IFN<\/jats:styled-content>s, IFN<\/jats:styled-content> receptor subunits, IRF<\/jats:styled-content>s and TLR<\/jats:styled-content>s genes in all clinical phases were IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03bb2 and 3, IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3R2, IRF<\/jats:styled-content>7 and TLR<\/jats:styled-content>7, and the lowest levels of mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression were observed for IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1, IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03bbR1, IRF<\/jats:styled-content>8 and TLR<\/jats:styled-content>2. We conclude that innate immune response genes are expressed differentially among chronic HBV<\/jats:styled-content> phases, and this difference may help to develop new precise and noninvasive methods to determine the progression of disease in chronic HBV<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,21]],"date-time":"2017-02-21T16:36:33Z","timestamp":1487694993000},"page":"776-788","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Differential expression of innate immune response genes in clinical phases of chronic hepatitis B infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9322-573X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Romani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biological Sciences Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. 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