{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T20:35:16Z","timestamp":1789504516792,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,10]],"date-time":"2017-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["222887"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222887"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1016351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1016351"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008810","name":"NSW Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008810","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatitis C virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content>) transmission is high in prisons. This study investigated trends in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> incidence and associated factors among a cohort of prisoners with a history of injecting drug use in New South Wales, Australia. Data were available from the Hepatitis C Incidence and Transmission Study\u2014prisons (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HITS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010p) from 2005 to 2014. Temporal trends in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> incidence were evaluated. Factors associated with time to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> seroconversion among people with ongoing injecting was assessed using Cox proportional hazards. Among 320 antibody\u2010negative participants with a history of injecting drug use (mean age 26; 72% male), 62% (n=197) reported injecting drug use during follow\u2010up. Overall, 93 infections were observed. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> incidence was 11.4\/100 person\u2010years in the overall population and 6.3\/100 person\u2010years among the continually imprisoned population. A stable trend in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> incidence was observed. Among the overall population with ongoing injecting during follow\u2010up, \u2265weekly injecting drug use frequency was independently associated with time to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> seroconversion. Among continuously imprisoned injectors with ongoing injecting during follow\u2010up, needle\/syringe sharing was independently associated with time to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> seroconversion. This study demonstrates that prison is a high\u2010risk environment for acquisition of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> infection. Needle and syringe sharing was associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> infection among continually imprisoned participants, irrespective of frequency of injecting or the type of drug injected. These findings highlight the need for the evaluation of improved <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> prevention strategies in prison, including needle\/syringe programmes and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]],"date-time":"2017-03-03T06:02:47Z","timestamp":1488520967000},"page":"733-741","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Ongoing incident hepatitis C virus infection among people with a history of injecting drug use in an Australian prison setting, 2005\u20102014: The <scp>HITS<\/scp>\u2010p study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8048-3473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. 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