{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T03:07:11Z","timestamp":1789009631445,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,2]],"date-time":"2017-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatitis C virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content>) infection is a leading cause of chronic liver damage and is associated with other diseases. Some studies reported that patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> have a significantly increased risk of multiple myeloma while others do not report an association. We aimed to clarify the association between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> and multiple myeloma and analyse the factors that affect the controversial conclusions through a meta\u2010analysis. We conducted a systematic literature search of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> and myeloma in the databases of PubMed\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEDLINE<\/jats:styled-content>, Cochrane Library, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMBASE<\/jats:styled-content>, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNKI<\/jats:styled-content>) from inception to September 2016. Outcomes were expressed as odds ratios (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>s) and 95% confidence intervals (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>s). A positive correlation between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> infection and risk of developing multiple myeloma was revealed (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>=2.67, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>=1.35\u20105.26, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.005) based on meta\u2010analysis of 17 case\u2010control observational studies. When the data were stratified by source of control, significant associations were observed in hospital\u2010based studies, but not population\u2010based studies. Further subgroup analyses showed increased risk of multiple myeloma in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> patients when studies were conducted in high <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> prevalent countries, but not in low or moderate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> prevalent countries. In addition, similar positive association was detected in studies performed in the East Asia and in intermediate\u2010quality studies. In summary, the association of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> infection with increased risk of multiple myeloma depended on several factors, including study design, quality and environmental <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> prevalence. Further large\u2010scale, well\u2010designed studies are needed to validate the role of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> in the aetiology of multiple myeloma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]],"date-time":"2017-06-28T07:32:41Z","timestamp":1498635161000},"page":"1151-1159","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Hepatitis C virus infection and risk of multiple myeloma: Evidence from a meta\u2010analysis based on 17 case\u2010control studies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7667-3517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y.","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Center First Hospital of Jilin University  Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Cardiology and Echocardiography First Hospital of Jilin University  Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology First Hospital of Jilin University  Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Center First Hospital of Jilin University  Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-85772-3_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/CA.57.5.301"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1011442"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22718"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199905070-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)09028-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.12981"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i43.16197"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V82.12.3701.3701"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2005.02311.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322011001200010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20608"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-10-0889"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2015.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.18.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-08-0408"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","unstructured":"WellsG SheaB O'ConnellD PetersonJ.The Newcastle\u2010Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality if nonrandomized studies in meta\u2010analyses. Ottawa Health Research Institute.http:\/\/www.ohri.ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp. Accessed November 30 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"HoltzmanD. Hepatitis C.Chapter 3: infectious diseases related to travel. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.https:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/travel\/yellowbook\/2016\/infectious-diseases-related-to-travel\/hepatitis-c. Accessed November 30 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"70","article-title":"Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in lymphoproliferative diseases other than B\u2010cell non\u2010Hodgkin's lymphoma, and in myeloproliferative diseases: an Italian Multi\u2010Center case\u2010control study","volume":"89","author":"Bianco E","year":"2004","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8652(199706)55:2<77::AID-AJH5>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03032580"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.1101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2011.610013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2126(01)00027-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-008-0175-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6690522"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","first-page":"1970","article-title":"The correlation between multiple myeloma and HBV, HCV and EBV infection","volume":"24","author":"Wang QX","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mod Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V87.10.4296.bloodjournal87104296"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","first-page":"110","article-title":"The study on hepatitis C virus infection in malignant lymphocytic proliferation diseases","volume":"13","author":"Wang WQ","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Hematol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11727"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03256.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2015.364"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.07.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2012.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofv211"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1423.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2011.01505.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2013.10.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","first-page":"507","article-title":"Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Patients with Multiple Myeloma","volume":"83","author":"Hashem AM","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med J Cairo Univ"}],"container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjvh.12742","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jvh.12742","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T01:14:18Z","timestamp":1696641258000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jvh.12742"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,2]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jvh.12742"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvh.12742","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-0504","1365-2893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-0504","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2893","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,2]]}}}