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Among them, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> prevalence and bio\u2010behavioural data are scarce for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative men who have sex with men (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content>) and men and trans\u2010women sex workers. We sought to describe and assess the potential benefits of a community\u2010based one\u2010step <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> screening and confirmatory strategy for these populations in Barcelona. The screening strategy based on a real\u2010time <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> assay for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> detection in dried\u2010blood spots (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DBS<\/jats:styled-content>) was validated and implemented in addition to an antibody point\u2010of\u2010care test in a community centre. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> prevalence was assessed, and bio\u2010behavioural data were collected. The molecular assay was precise, reproducible, sensitive and specific. Four <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content> reported being currently infected (0.75% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> self\u2010reported prevalence). Implementation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DBS<\/jats:styled-content> testing was easy, and acceptability was &gt;95%, but no silent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> case was diagnosed (N\u00a0=\u00a0580). High\u2010risk sexual practices and drug use for sex were reported frequently. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> prevalence was 4.7% in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content> and 10% in sex workers. Self\u2010reported prevalence of other <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>s ranged from 11.3% to 36.2%. In conclusion, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> testing in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DBS<\/jats:styled-content> showed a good performance, but the assessed one\u2010step strategy does not seem beneficial in this setting. Although no silent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> infections were detected, the observed high\u2010risk behaviours and prevalence of other <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>s suggest that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> spread should be periodically monitored among these populations in Barcelona by means of behavioural surveillance, rapid antibody testing and molecular confirmation in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DBS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,20]],"date-time":"2017-10-20T19:30:20Z","timestamp":1508527820000},"page":"236-244","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Community\u2010based screening of hepatitis C with a one\u2010step <scp>RNA<\/scp> detection algorithm from dried\u2010blood spots: Analysis of key populations in Barcelona, 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