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We assessed the impact of an intervention for HCV testing and treatment in 2017 and 2018 in a jail (San Vittore,SV) and a prison for sentenced individuals (Opera,OP). A dedicated protocol was applied and implemented over the two years. We collected data on demographics, HCV testing and treatment on all inmates present on 31 October 2017 and 2018. In the two facilities, there were 2,366 and 2,369 inmates in 2017 and 2018 respectively; the majority were men (95.6%; 96.4%) and Italians (57.0%; 61.9%) with a median age of 41\u00a0years. Prevalence of lifetime reported drug use remained high (46.5%; 44.2%). HCV screening coverage was 89% in both years, while HCV RNA test coverage increased (90.6%; 99.0%). HCV seroprevalence remained stable (10.1%; 9.2%). In 2017 among inmates with HCV chronic infection 90 (42.4%) individuals had started DAAs treatment and 106 (54.6%) in 2018; of whom 38 (17.9%) and 74 (38.1%) achieved the SVR. The viremic pool decreased significantly over time (SV,24.4%; 15.4%;OP, 16.1%; &lt;1%). Among inmates with HCV\u2010positive serology in 2018, 121 (81.0%) were never linked to care before incarceration. Our study showed how a targeted and well\u2010implemented HCV test\u2010and\u2010treat intervention in prison was feasible and effective in achieving micro\u2010elimination. Viral hepatitis elimination agenda may help drawing interest onto this neglected population and bringing prison health higher up in the global public health agenda.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T18:20:49Z","timestamp":1598552449000},"page":"1444-1454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["HCV micro\u2010elimination in two prisons in Milan, Italy: A model of care"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8282-2694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruggero","family":"Giuliani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service Penitentiary Health System San Paolo University Hospital Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Casigliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Fornili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Sebastiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service Penitentiary Health System San Paolo University Hospital Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Freo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service Penitentiary Health System San Paolo University Hospital Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guglielmo","family":"Arzilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuditta","family":"Scardina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Baglietto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2217-4664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara","family":"Tavoschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Ranieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service Penitentiary Health System San Paolo University Hospital Milano Italy"},{"name":"Welfare General Directorate Lombardy Regional Health Authority Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Combating hepatitis B and C to reach elimination by 2030. 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