{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:23:48Z","timestamp":1790753028840,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sub\u2010Saharan Africa's hepatitis B virus (HBV) burden is primarily due to infection in infancy. However, data on chronic HBV infection prevalence and associated risk factors in children born post\u2010HBV vaccination introduction are scarce. We estimated hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence and risk factors in Senegalese children born during the HBV vaccination era. In 2018\u20132019, a community\u2010based cross\u2010sectional survey was conducted in Senegal among children born between 2004 and 2015 (ie after the three\u2010dose HBV vaccine series was introduced (2004) but before the birth dose's introduction (2016)). HBsAg\u2010positive children were identified using dried blood spots. A standardized questionnaire collected socioeconomic information. Data were age\u2010sex weighted and calibrated to be representative of children living in the study area. Risk factors associated with HBsAg positivity were identified using negative binomial regression. Among 1,327 children, 17 were HBsAg\u2010positive (prevalence\u00a0=\u00a01.23% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61\u20131.85)). Older age (adjusted incidence\u2010rate ratio [aIRR] 1.31 per one\u2010year increase, 95% CI 1.10\u20131.57), home vs healthcare facility delivery (aIRR 3.55, 95% CI 1.39\u20139.02), stitches (lifetime) (aIRR 4.79; 95% CI 1.84\u201312.39), tattoos (aIRR 8.97, 95% CI 1.01\u201379.11) and having an HBsAg\u2010positive sibling with the same mother (aIRR 3.05, 95% CI 1.09\u20138.57) were all independently associated with HBsAg positivity. The low HBsAg prevalence highlights the success of the Senegalese HBV vaccination program. To further reduce HBV acquisition in children, high\u2010risk groups, including pregnant women and siblings of HBsAg\u2010positive individuals, must be screened. Vital HBV infection prevention measures include promoting delivery in healthcare facilities, and increasing awareness of prevention and control procedures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]],"date-time":"2021-08-06T07:55:35Z","timestamp":1628236535000},"page":"1515-1525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Sibling status, home birth, tattoos and stitches are risk factors for chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Senegalese children: A cross\u2010sectional survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8895-5909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren","family":"P\u00e9ri\u00e8res","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VITROME, Campus IRD\u2010UCAD Dakar Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0164-7917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camelia","family":"Protopopescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences \u00c9conomiques &amp; Sociales de la Sant\u00e9 &amp; Traitement de l\u2019Information M\u00e9dicale, ISSPAM Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gora","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 de Surveillance Epid\u00e9miologique et de Formation Dakar Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8853-3829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabienne","family":"Marcellin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences \u00c9conomiques &amp; Sociales de la Sant\u00e9 &amp; Traitement de l\u2019Information M\u00e9dicale, ISSPAM Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"El Hadji","family":"Ba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VITROME, Campus IRD\u2010UCAD Dakar Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9005-240X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marion","family":"Coste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences \u00c9conomiques &amp; Sociales de la Sant\u00e9 &amp; Traitement de l\u2019Information M\u00e9dicale, ISSPAM Marseille France"},{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EHESS, Centrale Marseille, AMSE Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coumba","family":"Tour\u00e9 Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 de Surveillance Epid\u00e9miologique et de Formation Dakar Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0792-6722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aldiouma","family":"Diallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VITROME, Campus IRD\u2010UCAD Dakar Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4810-8232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheikh","family":"Sokhna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VITROME, IRD, AMU, AP\u2010HM, SSA, IHU\u2010MI Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7567-5200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvie","family":"Boyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences \u00c9conomiques &amp; Sociales de la Sant\u00e9 &amp; Traitement de l\u2019Information M\u00e9dicale, ISSPAM Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the ANRS 12356 AmBASS survey Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"WHO.Global Hepatitis Report 2017 [Internet].World Health Organization;2017[cited 2020 Aug 10]. 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